ReviewOncogene2018
Genetic, transcriptional and post-translational regulation of the programmed death protein ligand 1 in cancer: biology and clinical correlations.
Review in Oncogene, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 188 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
188 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 288 citations in OpenAlex.
- Positivity Rate of PD-L1 Expression and Its Clinical Significance in Vulvar Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Prognostic significance of blood-based PD-L1 analysis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of surgical oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- CCT2 Promotes Immune Escape in Colorectal Cancer by Regulating the JAK1-STAT3-PD-L1 Axis.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Article
- mTOR inhibition augments antitumor immune effector response by reprogramming thebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Review
- Integrating Spatial Proteogenomics in Cancer Research.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Cancer in transition: discovery of tumor-intrinsic transcriptional programs shaping the immune and microenvironmental landscape.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- NAT10 promotes cisplatin resistance and immune escape by increasing the expression of DUSP1 and PD-L1 in gastric cancer.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Hypoxia and HIF signalling in tumour microenvironment: linking immune evasion, metabolic rewiring and epigenetic regulation.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Critical roles of Hedgehog signaling pathway in regulating the multidrug resistance of ovarian cancer.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Review
- Strengthening Antisense Oligonucleotide-Mediated Anti-Tumor Immunity via Metal-Organic Framework Nanoparticles.Nano letters · 2026Article
- PD-L1 cell-intrinsic signals limit immune activation during cutaneous vaccinia virus infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Deletion of p53-Related Protein Kinase Suppresses Solar UV-Induced Photocarcinogenesis by Inhibiting PD-L1 Expression and Enhancing CD8 T-Cell Infiltration.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2026Article
- Prolonged TNF-α stimulation induces a PD-1-associated exhaustion-like phenotype in mesenchymal stromal cells.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Response to nivolumab as an immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma withTherapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2026Article
- Dual MAO A and HSP90 inhibitors enhance anti-PD-1 therapy and suppress colorectal cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Prognostic and predictive factors of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in urinary bladder cancer.Pathology oncology research : POR · 2026Review
- Immune cell-derived exosomes in cancer: double-edged mechanisms of antitumor immunity and tumor progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Reprogramming the immunosuppressive microenvironment in MSS/pMMR colorectal cancer via synergistic pyroptosis induction and PD-L1 suppression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
128 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) represent a well-characterized immune checkpoint in cancer, effectively targeted by monoclonal antibodies that are approved for routine clinical use. The regulation of PD-L1 expression is complex, varies between different tumor types and occurs at the genetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Copy number alterations of PD-L1 locus have been reported with varying frequency in several tumor types. At the transcriptional level, a number of transcriptional factors seem to regulate PD-L1 expression including HIF-1, STAT3, NF-κΒ, and AP-1. Activation of common oncogenic pathways such as JAK/STAT, RAS/ERK, or PI3K/AKT/MTOR, as well as treatment with cytotoxic agents have also been shown to affect tumoral PD-L1 expression. Correlative studies of clinical trials with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have so far shown markedly discordant results regarding the value of PD-L1 expression as a marker of response to treatment. As the indications for immune checkpoint inhibition broaden, understanding the regulation of PD-L1 in cancer will be of utmost importance for defining its role as predictive marker but also for optimizing strategies for cancer immunotherapy. Here, we review the current knowledge of PD-L1 regulation, and its use as biomarker and as therapeutic target in cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.