SynthesisBrazilian journal of physical therapy
Reference values for muscle strength: a systematic review with a descriptive meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Brazilian journal of physical therapy. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 30 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- A Guide to Estimating the Reference Range From a Meta-Analysis Using Aggregate or Individual Participant Data.American journal of epidemiology · 2022Pooled it
- Estimating the reference interval from a fixed effects meta-analysis.Research synthesis methods · 2021Pooled it
- Physical function in patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma; a Danish cohort study.BMC cancer · 2020Trial
- Normalization of muscle strength measures in barbell exercises by sex, age, and anthropometry: notes on allometry.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Development and psychometric evaluation of an integrative Manual Muscle Test for patients with post-stroke hemiplegia.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2025Observational
- Improving Estimates of Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contractions: Exploring the Utility of Feedback Manipulations.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2025Article
- Relationships and Patterns of Variation in the Strength of Finger and Wrist Flexor Muscle Groups and the Identification of Simulated Paralysis.Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions · 2025Article
- Has Muscle Power Better Discriminative Capacity Compared to Muscle Strength in Predicting Worsening Disability in Older Adults?The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2025Article
- Kratopenia as an indicator of sarcopenia in smokers: Cut-off points for peak knee torque.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Normative isokinetic knee strength values and prediction models in non-athletic Chinese adults.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Variability between Different Hand-Held Dynamometers for Measuring Muscle Strength.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Normative values for internal and external glenohumeral rotation strength in rugby players: A systematic review with meta-analysis.Shoulder & elbow · 2024Review
- Muscle strength and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/metabolic-associated fatty liver disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Do we know about dynapenia?Northern clinics of Istanbul · 2024Review
- A planar neuromuscular controller to simulate compensation strategies in the sit-to-walk movement.PloS one · 2024Article
- Between-sexes differences in lumbopelvic muscle mechanical properties of non-climacteric adults: a cross-sectional design.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The Assessment of Ankle Range-of-Motion and Its Relationship with Overall Muscle Strength in a Cross-Section of Soccer Players.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Gender-Specific Association of Handgrip Strength with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Han Older Adults.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Article
- A Pilot Observational Study Assessing Long-Term Changes in Clinical Parameters, Functional Capacity and Fall Risk of Patients With Chronic Renal Disease Scheduled for Hemodialysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMuscle strength is an important component of health.
objectiveTo describe and evaluate the studies which have established the reference values for muscle strength on healthy individuals and to synthesize these values with a descriptive meta-analysis approach.
methodsA systematic review was performed in MEDLINE, LILACS, and SciELO databases. Studies that investigated the reference values for muscle strength of two or more appendicular/axial muscle groups of health individuals were included. Methodological quality, including risk of bias was assessed by the QUADAS-2. Data extracted included: country of the study, sample size, population characteristics, equipment/method used, and muscle groups evaluated.
resultsOf the 414 studies identified, 46 were included. Most of the studies had adequate methodological quality. Included studies evaluated: appendicular (80.4%) and axial (36.9%) muscles; adults (78.3%), elderly (58.7%), adolescents (43.5%), children (23.9%); isometric (91.3%) and isokinetic (17.4%) strength. Six studies (13%) with similar procedures were synthesized with meta-analysis. Generally, the coefficient of variation values that resulted from the meta-analysis ranged from 20.1% to 30% and were similar to those reported by the original studies. The meta-analysis synthesized the reference values of isometric strength of 14 muscle groups of the dominant/non-dominant sides of the upper/lower limbs of adults/elderly from developed countries, using dynamometers/myometer.
conclusionsMost of the included studies had adequate methodological quality. The meta-analysis provided reference values for the isometric strength of 14 appendicular muscle groups of the dominant/non-dominant sides, measured with dynamometers/myometers, of men/women, of adults/elderly. These data may be used to interpret the results of the evaluations and establish appropriate treatment goals.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.