Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29761348›Full record

ArticleQuality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation2018

Deprivation is associated with worse physical and mental health beyond income poverty: a population-based household survey among Chinese adults.

Roger Yat-Nork Chung, Gary Ka-Ki Chung, David Gordon, Samuel Yeung-Shan Wong, Dicken Chan, Maggie Ka-Wai Lau, Vera Mun-Yu Tang, Hung Wong

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In one paragraph

Article in Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Perceived economic hardship and adjustment outcomes of children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2025
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  15. Inequalities in Psychiatric Morbidity in Hong Kong and Strategies for Mitigation.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Roger Yat-Nork ChungJC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. rychung@cuhk.edu.hk.
Gary Ka-Ki ChungJC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
David GordonSchool for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Samuel Yeung-Shan WongJC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Dicken ChanJC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Maggie Ka-Wai LauAsia-Pacific Institute of Ageing Studies, Lingnan University, Hong Kong, China.
Vera Mun-Yu TangAsia-Pacific Institute of Ageing Studies, Lingnan University, Hong Kong, China.
Hung WongDepartment of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Funding

The Central Policy Unit of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 4003-SPPR-11
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeIn studying health inequality, poverty as measured by income is frequently used; however, this omits the aspects of non-monetary resources and social barriers to achieving improved living standard. Therefore, our study aimed to examine the associations of individual-level deprivation of material and social necessities with general physical and mental health beyond that of income poverty.

methodsA territory-wide two-stage stratified random sample of 2282 community-dwelling Hong Kong adults was surveyed between 2014 and 2015. Income poverty and a Deprivation Index were used as the main independent variables. General health was assessed using the validated 12-item Short-Form Health Survey version 2, from which physical component summary and mental component summary were derived.

resultsOur results in multivariable ordinal logistic regressions consistently showed that, after adjusting for income poverty, socio-demographic and lifestyle factors, being deprived was significantly associated with worse physical (OR 1.66; CI 1.25-2.20) and mental health (OR 1.83; CI 1.43-2.35). Being income poor was also significantly associated with worse mental health (OR 1.63; CI 1.28-2.09) but only marginally with physical health (OR 1.34; CI 1.00-1.80) after adjustments.

conclusionsIncome does not capture all aspects of poverty that are associated with adverse health outcomes. Deprivation of non-monetary resources has an independent effect on general health above and beyond the effect of income poverty. Policies should move beyond endowment and take into account the multidimensionality of poverty, in order to address the problem of health inequality.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAsian PeopleFemaleHealth Status DisparitiesHumansIncomeMaleMental HealthMiddle AgedPovertyQuality of LifeSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultChinese adultsDeprivationHong KongMental healthPhysical healthPoverty

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.