ReviewAntiviral research2018
Innovation and trends in the development and approval of antiviral medicines: 1987-2017 and beyond.
Review in Antiviral research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 199 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bridging antiviral drug discovery with a large language model-powered framework.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Extract of endophytic fungus Cepalotheca foveolata (N11) inhibits lytic bacteriophage: a study on activity, cytotoxicity, and chemical profiling.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026Article
- Ultrasound effectively destabilizes and disrupts the structural integrity of enveloped respiratory viruses.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Host-Directed Antiviral Activity of SB2960 Through Selective Induction and Remodeling of Stress Granules.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Broad-spectrum host-targeting antivirals for rhinovirus infections: mechanisms and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Development of ketobenzothiazole-based peptidomimetic TMPRSS13 inhibitors with low nanomolar potency.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Antiviral activity of Azadirachta indica A. Juss and Melia azedarach extracts during the replication cycle of small ruminant lentiviruses.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025Article
- Deep learning in the discovery of antiviral peptides and peptidomimetics: databases and prediction tools.Molecular diversity · 2025Review
- From N-0385 to N-0920: Unveiling a Host-Directed Protease Inhibitor with Picomolar Antiviral Efficacy against Prevalent SARS-CoV-2 Variants.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Article
- Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of Ribavirin and Mycophenolic Acid for Enhanced Antiviral Therapeutics.Viruses · 2025Article
- Harnessing Antiviral Peptides: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Translation.Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery · 2025Review
- The urgent need for newer drugs in routine HIV treatment in Africa: the case of Ghana.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2025Review
- Development of iminosugar-based glycosidase inhibitors as drug candidates for SARS-CoV-2 virus via molecular modelling and in vitro studies.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
- Expanding horizons of iminosugars as broad-spectrum anti-virals: mechanism, efficacy and novel developments.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2024Review
- Drug-Related Problems in HIV Treatment Failure.Cureus · 2024Article
- Development of ketobenzothiazole-based peptidomimetic TMPRSS13 inhibitors with low nanomolar potency.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- p38-MAPK is prerequisite for the synthesis of SARS-CoV-2 protein.Virusdisease · 2024Article
- Small Molecule Drugs Targeting Viral Polymerases.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
2017 marked the 30th anniversary of the approval of zidovudine (AZT) as the first HIV/AIDS therapy. Since then, more than eighty antiviral drugs have received FDA approval, half of which treat HIV infection. Here, we provide a retrospective analysis of approved antiviral drugs, including therapeutics against other major chronic infections such as hepatitis B and C, and herpes viruses, over the last thirty years. During this time, only a few drugs were approved to treat acute viral infections, mainly influenza. Analysis of these approved antiviral drugs based on molecular class and mode of action shows that a large majority are small molecules and direct-acting agents as opposed to proteins, peptides, or oligonucleotides and host-targeting therapies. In addition, approvals of combination therapies accelerated over the last five years. We also provide a prospective study of future potential antiviral therapies, based on current clinical research pipelines across the pharmaceutical industry. Comparing past drug approvals with current clinical candidates hints at the future evolution in antiviral therapies and reveals how antiviral medicines are often discovered. Overall, this work helps forecast future trends and innovation in the field of antiviral research and development.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.