ArticleAmerican journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons2019
Twenty-four-hour normothermic perfusion of discarded human kidneys with urine recirculation.
Article in American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 69 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- Kidney protection during surgery on the thoracoabdominal aorta: a systematic review.Interdisciplinary cardiovascular and thoracic surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Perfusate Composition and Duration ofTransplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2022Pooled it
- Normothermic machine perfusion versus static cold storage in donation after circulatory death kidney transplantation: a randomized controlled trial.Nature medicine · 2023Trial
- Real-time Quality Assessment of Donor Kidneys During Normothermic Machine Perfusion Using Perfusate and Urinary Biomarkers.Transplantation direct · 2026Article
- Corrigendum to: Kidney protection during surgery on the thoracoabdominal aorta: a systematic review.Interdisciplinary cardiovascular and thoracic surgery · 2026Article
- Urine Recirculation During Normothermic Kidney Preservation Improves Energy Balance Involving the Urea and Citric Acid Cycles.Transplantation direct · 2026Article
- Optimizing Prolonged (6 h) Normothermic Machine Perfusion of Donor Kidneys (PROPER Study).Artificial organs · 2026Article
- Review
- Time as a Therapeutic Ally: The Promise of Long-Term Solid Organ and Tissue Perfusion.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2026Review
- Revealing the potential of non-transplanted donor organs: a comparative analysis in the Eurotransplant region.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2026Article
- Advancements inFrontiers in transplantation · 2026Review
- Preclinical Models of Donation-After-Circulatory-Death and Brain-Death: Advances in Kidney Preservation and Transplantation.Biology · 2025Review
- Metabolite-enhanced normothermic machine perfusion improves kidney transplant viability.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Normothermic Kidney Perfusion: Current Status and Future Perspectives.Kidney international reports · 2025Review
- Opportunities and challenges with the implementation of normothermic machine perfusion in kidney transplantation.Nature communications · 2025Review
- Prolonged normothermic perfusion of the kidney prior to transplantation: a historically controlled, phase 1 cohort study.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Real-time organ perfusion monitoring of human kidney transplants usingRoyal Society open science · 2025Article
- Article
- Enhanced Kidney Targeting and Distribution of Tubuloids During Normothermic Perfusion.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Article
- Clinical study on basal blood perfusion in the major arteries of the limbs.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedErratum.2021
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Transportable normothermic kidney perfusion for 24 hours or longer could enable viability assessment of marginal grafts, increased organ use, and improved transplant logistics. Eleven clinically declined kidneys were perfused normothermically, with 6 being from donors after brain death (median cold ischemia time 33 ± 36.9 hours) and 5 being from donors after circulatory death (36.2 ± 38.3 hours). Three kidneys were perfused using Ringer's lactate to replace excreted urine volume, and 8 kidneys were perfused using urine recirculation to maintain perfusate volume without fluid replenishment. In all cases, normothermic perfusion either maintained or slightly improved the histopathologically assessed tubular condition, and there was effective urine production in kidneys from both donors after brain death and donors after circulatory death (2367 ± 1798 mL vs 744.4 ± 198.4 mL, respectively; P = .44). Biomarkers, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and kidney injury molecule-1 were successfully detected and quantified in the perfusate. All kidneys with urine recirculation were readily perfused for 24 hours (n = 8) and exhibited physiological perfusate sodium levels (140.7 ± 1.2 mmol/L), while kidneys without urine recirculation (n = 3) achieved a reduced normothermic perfusion time of 7.7 ± 1.5 hours and significantly higher perfusate sodium levels (159.6 ± 4.63 mmol/:, P < .01). Normothermic machine perfusion of human kidneys for 24 hours appears to be feasible, and urine recirculation was found to facilitate the maintenance of perfusate volume and homeostasis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.