ArticleBrain sciences2018
Transitioning Bodies. The Case of Self-Prescribing Sexual Hormones in Gender Affirmation in Individuals Attending Psychiatric Services.
Article in Brain sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Self-administration of gender-affirming hormones: a systematic review of effectiveness, cost, and values and preferences of end-users and health workers.Sexual and reproductive health matters · 2021Pooled it
- Nandrolone alters the behavioral response to cocaine as well as striatal and cortical dopamine receptors of prepubertal male rats.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- "Grasping on a spider web of hope": Psychological challenges and impact of waiting to access UK gender dysphoria Clinics on young adults.International journal of transgender health · 2025Article
- Utilizing community engagement to define research and clinical priorities for gender-affirming hormone therapy.International journal of transgender health · 2025Article
- Article
- "Ever since I knew I was trans I knew I wanted hormone therapy": a qualitative exploration into the journey of Australian trans individuals accessing feminizing gender-affirming hormone therapy.International journal of transgender health · 2024Article
- Queers in quarantine: Young LGBTQ+ people's experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden.Scandinavian journal of psychology · 2023Article
- [Temporary and persistent visual phenomena in neurology].Der Nervenarzt · 2023Article
- Culturally safe, appropriate, and high-quality breast cancer screening for transgender people: A scoping review.International journal of transgender health · 2023Article
- Setting a research agenda in trans health: An expert assessment of priorities and issues by trans and nonbinary researchers.International journal of transgender health · 2022Review
- Mapping the Landscape of Do-it-Yourself Medicine.Citizen science : theory and practice · 2022Article
- Effects of Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy on Progression Along the HIV Care Continuum in Transgender Women.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Delivering Holistic Transgender and Nonbinary Care in the Age of Telemedicine and COVID-19: Reflections and Implications for Best Practices.Primary care · 2021Review
- Effects of hormones and hormone therapy on breast tissue in transgender patients: a concise review.Endocrine · 2020Review
- Human rights and legal dimensions of self care interventions for sexual and reproductive health.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2019Article
- Recent Changes in Drug Abuse Scenarios: The New/Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS) Phenomenon.Brain sciences · 2018Article
- Prevalence and Correlates of Nonprescription Hormone Use Among Trans Women in São Paulo, Brazil.LGBT healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Self-prescribing of sexual hormones for gender affirmation is a potentially widespread and poorly studied phenomenon that many clinicians are unaware of. The uncontrolled use of hormones poses significant health hazards, which have not been previously reported in the literature. We have collected seven clinical cases in general adult psychiatry settings (both inpatient and outpatients), describing transgender and gender non-conforming individuals' (TGNC) self-prescribing and self-administering hormones bought from the Internet without any medical consultation. Among these cases, two were taking androgens, and the rest were taking oestrogens. The main reason for self-administration of hormones seems to be the lack of access to specialised care due to discrimination and long waiting lists. We advocate for clinicians to be aware of the phenomenon and proactively help TGNC individuals by enquiring about self-prescribing of hormones, providing information and referring to the most appropriate treatment centre as well as encourage a public debate on the discrimination and the stigma that TGNC population suffer from. Overall, there is an urgent need for the implementation of different and innovative health care services for TGNC individuals as well as more targeted prevention strategies on such underreported and highly risky behaviours. Furthermore, it is necessary for every clinician involved in the care for TGNC people to be aware of their special needs and be able to be an allied and an advocate to help in reducing stigma and discrimination that affect the access to care for this often underserved population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.