GuidelinePain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain2019
Safe Use of Epidural Corticosteroid Injections: Recommendations of the WIP Benelux Work Group.
Guideline in Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06956664 (Comparative Efficacy of Physiotherapeutic Exercise Regimens Implemented After Caudal Epidural Steroid Injection), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparative Efficacy of Physiotherapeutic Exercise Regimens Implemented After Caudal Epidural Steroid Injection
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Catheter-Based Sacral Nerve Block Versus Pudendal Nerve Block in the Treatment of Pudendal Neuralgia: A Randomized Double-Blinded Controlled Trial.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2026Trial
- Response predictors for lumbar epidural steroid injection outcomes for radiculopathy: a retrospective study.Pain reports · 2026Article
- Ten Years of Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injections in a Tertiary Referral Center: Trends in Clinical Indications and Outcomes.Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain · 2026Article
- Computed tomography-guided oxygen-ozone injection for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation complicated with lumbar spinal stenosis.Medical gas research · 2026Article
- Pain outcomes and safety of dorsal root ganglion-targeted transforaminal injection for postherpetic neuralgia: a retrospective single-center cohort study.BMC neurology · 2026Observational
- Effects of Topical Steroids on Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Stand-Alone Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion.Cureus · 2026Article
- Safety of intra-articular corticosteroid and hyaluronic acid injections: a 14-year population-based cohort study of 404,797 patients.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Factors associated with transforaminal epidural steroid injection efficacy and prognosis for symptomatic treatment of lumbar stenosis associated with degenerative scoliosis.North American Spine Society journal · 2025Article
- Lumbosacral Foraminal Injections in Dogs: Preliminary Assessment of an Ultrasound- and Fluoroscopy-Guided Technique in a Cadaveric Model.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- The Importance of Image Guidance in Common Spine Interventional Procedures for Pain Management: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.Pain and therapy · 2025Review
- Article
- Lumbar epidural steroid injections for lumbosacral radicular pain in patients with normal imaging: A propensity-matched study.Interventional pain medicine · 2025Article
- Preprocedural Imaging Review Before Performing Epidural Steroid Injections: Analysis of Physician Practice Parameters.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Interventional pain management in dogs with lumbosacral stenosis: preliminary long-term clinical outcomes of combined foraminal and epidural injections with or without pulsed radiofrequency.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- 11. Cervicogenic headache and occipital neuralgia.Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain · 2025Review
- 8. Herpes zoster and post herpetic neuralgia.Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain · 2024Review
- Preliminary evaluation of an indwelling epidural catheter for repeat methylprednisolone administration in canine lumbosacral stenosis.The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne · 2024Article
- Outcomes of transforaminal epidural injection of amniotic membrane/umbilical cord particulate for lumbar radiculopathy: a case series.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Parasagittal Interlaminar and Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injections for Radicular Low Back Pain; Which is More Comfortable?Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation · 2023Article
- Iatrogenic cervical spinal cord injury after interlaminar cervical epidural injection.Interventional pain medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEpidural corticosteroid injections are used frequently worldwide in the treatment of radicular pain. Concerns have arisen involving rare major neurologic injuries after this treatment. Recommendations to prevent these complications have been published, but local implementation is not always feasible due to local circumstances, necessitating local recommendations based on literature review.
methodsA work group of 4 stakeholder pain societies in Belgium, The Netherlands, and Luxembourg (Benelux) has reviewed the literature involving neurological complications after epidural corticosteroid injections and possible safety measures to prevent these major neurologic injuries.
resultsTwenty-six considerations and recommendations were selected by the work group. These involve the use of imaging, injection equipment particulate and nonparticulate corticosteroids, epidural approach, and maximal volume to be injected.
conclusionRaising awareness about possible neurological complications and adoption of safety measures recommended by the work group aim at reducing the risks for these devastating events.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.