ArticleThe Journal of pediatrics2018
Incidence Trends and Risk Factor Variation in Severe Intraventricular Hemorrhage across a Population Based Cohort.
Article in The Journal of pediatrics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of blood product removal versus temporary cerebrospinal fluid diversion on permanent shunting rates in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus of prematurity: a comparative meta-analysis.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2026Pooled it
- Interventions to Reduce Severe Brain Injury Risk in Preterm Neonates: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- Cerebellar Hemorrhage in Preterm Infants: A Meta-Analysis on Risk Factors and Neurodevelopmental Outcome.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Pooled it
- Rates and predictors of intraventricular hemorrhage in the ventfirst trial with comparison to a contemporaneous cohort.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Trial
- Intracranial Hemorrhage and 2-Year Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infants Born Extremely Preterm.The Journal of pediatrics · 2021Trial
- Observed pre-intervention and non-intervention ventricular growth trajectories in neonates with severe intraventricular hemorrhage and post-hemorrhagic ventricular dilation.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Neurological outcomes in extremely preterm infants with periventricular hemorrhagic infarction: clinical and cranial ultrasound findings.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Observational
- A FAR-Out approach for evaluating the impact of clinical practice changes on severe intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Intraventricular hemorrhage profile in very low birth weight preterm infants (< 1000 g and ≥ 1000 g) at a tertiary center in São Paulo State over a decade.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Acid-Base Status and Cerebral Oxygenation in Neonates: A Systematic Qualitative Review of the Literature.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Outcomes of Preterm Infants Born at 22 to 23 Weeks' Gestation in 11 International Neonatal Networks.JAMA pediatrics · 2025Article
- Promising Preventive Strategies for Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm Neonates: A Critical Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Prevalence of intraventricular hemorrhage and associated factors to in premature babies in selected teaching hospitals in Rwanda.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Article
- Intraventricular hemorrhage among very low birth weight infants in a South African cohort: a retrospective study of trends & short-term outcomes.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Functional connectivity as a prognostic biomarker for neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants without severe brain injury.Brain communications · 2025Article
- A sustained reduction in the rate of severe intraventricular hemorrhage in very low birth weight infants: a novel quality improvement project in a large perinatal-neonatal centre in Asia.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Article
- International Variation and Trends of Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Very Preterm Infants.Neonatology · 2025Article
- Characteristics of gut microbiota of premature infants in the early postnatal period and their relationship with intraventricular hemorrhage.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo quantify the current burden of severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), describe time trends in severe IVH, identify IVH-associated risk factors, and determine the contribution of mediating factors. STUDY
designThe retrospective cohort included infants 22
resultsOf 44 028 infants, 3371 (7.7%) had severe IVH. The incidence of severe IVH decreased significantly across California from 9.7% in 2005 to 5.9% in 2015. After stratification by gestational age, antenatal steroid exposure was the only factor associated with a decreased odds of severe IVH for all gestational age subgroups. Other factors, including delivery room intubation, were associated with an increased odds of severe IVH, though significance varied by gestational age. Factors analyzed in the mediation analysis accounted for 45.6% (95% CI 38.7%-71.8%) of the reduction in severe IVH, with increased antenatal steroid administration and decreased delivery room intubation mediating a significant proportion of this decrease, 19.4% (95% CI 13.9%-27.5%) and 27.3% (95% CI 20.3%-39.2%), respectively. The unaccounted proportion varied by gestational age.
conclusionsThe incidence of severe IVH decreased across California, associated with changes in antenatal steroid exposure and delivery room intubation. Maternal, patient, and delivery room factors accounted for less than one-half of the decrease in severe IVH. Study of other factors, specifically neonatal intensive care unit and hospital-level factors, may provide new insights into policies to reduce severe IVH.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.