Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29752515›Full record

ReviewWorld journal of urology2018

Epidemiology and pathophysiology of neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury.

Rizwan Hamid, Marcio Augusto Averbeck, Humberto Chiang, Arturo Garcia, Riyad T Al Mousa, Seung-June Oh, Anita Patel, Mauricio Plata, Giulio Del Popolo

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in World journal of urology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07578532 (The Effectiveness of Transcutaneous Sacral Neuromodulation Techniques-Magnetic Stimulation and Electrical Stimulation-on Detrusor Overactivity in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury), which is not on this map. Cited by 113 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
113citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
8.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07578532 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

The Effectiveness of Transcutaneous Sacral Neuromodulation Techniques-Magnetic Stimulation and Electrical Stimulation-on Detrusor Overactivity in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury

TypeinterventionalSponsorAnkara City Hospital BilkentRan2025 to 2026Enrolled40ConditionsSpinal Cord Injuries (SCI), Detrusor OveractivityArmsTranscutaneous Sacral Electrical Stimulation, Transcutaneous sacral magnetic stimulation
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

113 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 229 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Effects of Robot-Assisted Gait Therapy on Urodynamic Changes in the Subacute Phase After Spinal Cord Injury: A Prospective Study.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026
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53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 9 institutions in 9 countries.

Rizwan HamidLondon Spinal Injuries Unit, London, UK. hamid_rizwan@hotmail.com.
Marcio Augusto AverbeckMoinhos de Vento Hospital, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Humberto ChiangClinica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.
Arturo GarciaHospital Medica Sur, Mexico, Mexico.
Riyad T Al MousaKing Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Seung-June OhDepartment of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Anita PatelGlobal Hospital, Mumbai, India.
Mauricio PlataDepartment of Urology, University of los Andes Fundacion Santa Fé de Bogotá University Hospital, Bogota, Colombia.
Giulio Del PopoloNeuro-Urology and Spinal Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi · ITClínica Las Condes · CLFundación Santa Fe de Bogotá · COGlobal Hospitals · INHospital Médica Sur · MXHospital Moinhos de Vento · BRKing Fahad Specialist Hospital · SASeoul National University Hospital · KRSpinal Research · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Spinal cord injury (SCI) usually affects younger age groups with male preponderance. The most common traumatic cause is road traffic accident followed by sports accidents and gun-shot injuries. Infections and vascular events make up non-traumatic causes. There is regional variance in incidence and prevalence of SCI. Most systematic reviews have been undertaken from USA, Canada, and Australia with only few from Asia with resultant difficulty in estimation of worldwide figures. Overall, the incidence varies from 12 to more than 65 cases/million per year. The first peak is in young men between 15 and 29 years and second peak in older adults. The average age at injury is 40 years, with commonest injury being incomplete tetraplegia followed by complete paraplegia, complete tetraplegia, and incomplete paraplegia. The bladder function is reliant on both central and peripheral nervous systems for co-ordination of storage and voiding phases. The pathophysiology of bladder dysfunction can be described as an alteration in micturition reflex. It is postulated that a new spinal reflex circuit develops which is mediated by C fibers as response to reorganization of synaptic connections in spinal cord. This is responsible for the development of neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO). Various neurotrophic hormones like nerve growth factor affect the morphological and physiological changes of the bladder afferent neurons leading to neuropathic bladder dysfunction. A suprasacral SCI usually results in a voiding pattern consistent with NDO and sphincter dyssynergia. Injury to either the sacral cord or cauda equina results in detrusor hypoactivity/areflexia with sphincter weakness.

Indexed as

Accidental FallsAccidents, TrafficAfferent PathwaysAthletic InjuriesHumansNeoplasmsNerve Fibers, UnmyelinatedNerve Growth FactorsReflex, AbnormalRisk FactorsSpinal Cord InjuriesSpinal DiseasesUrinary Bladder, NeurogenicUrinary Bladder, OveractiveUrinary Bladder, UnderactiveUrodynamicsNerve Growth FactorsC fiber activityDetrusor sphincter dyssynergiaDetrusor underactivityEpidemiologyNeurogenic detrusor overactivityNeurotropic factorsNon-traumaticParaplegiaPathophysiologySphincter weaknessSpinal cord injuryTetraplegiaTraumaticVariance across developed and developing world

Identifiers

PMID29752515
OpenAlexW2800286275

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.