ArticleBMC health services research2018
Physical violence against health staff by mentally ill patients at a psychiatric hospital in Botswana.
Article in BMC health services research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of Violence in Iranian Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Maternal and child health journal · 2022Pooled it
- Aggression on the psychiatric ward: Prevalence and risk factors. A systematic review of the literature.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Workplace violence against nurse: a systematic review and meta-analysis in Ethiopia.BMC nursing · 2025Article
- Factors influencing workplace violence among Chinese nurses: a multicenter cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Factors associated with depression and anxiety among mental healthcare practitioners.Journal of the colleges of medicine of South Africa · 2025Article
- The prevalence of workplace violence toward psychiatric nurses in Saudi Arabia and its effect on their quality of life.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Prevalence, risk factors and psychological consequences of workplace violence among health workers in the Greater Accra region, Ghana: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Attitudes of primary healthcare nurses towards people living with mental illness in Botswana.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2024Article
- Characteristics of International Staff Victims of Psychiatric Patient Assaults: Review of Published Findings, 2017-2022.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2023Review
- Incidents related to safety in mental health facilities in Kenya.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Article
- Violence Against Physicians in the Workplace: Trends, Causes, Consequences, and Strategies for Intervention.Current psychiatry reports · 2022Review
- Workplace violence and its associated factors among nurses working in public hospitals of eastern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.BMC nursing · 2022Article
- Trajectories of the current situation and characteristics of workplace violence among nurses: a nine-year follow-up study.BMC health services research · 2021Article
- Violence in Psychiatric Settings: Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients Who Were Targets of Aggression.The Journal of nervous and mental disease · 2021Article
- Occupational injuries among health care workers at a public hospital in Ghana.The Pan African medical journal · 2021Article
- Mental health research in Botswana: a semi-systematic scoping review.The Journal of international medical research · 2020Article
- Review
- Assessment of Nurses' Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Physical Restraint: A Scoping Review.Indian journal of palliative careArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWorkplace violence is worrisome in the mental health sector. Little is understood about it in sub-Saharan Africa. Consequently, we decided to investigate the prevalence, related factors, and the available sources of support for the victims of workplace violence in a mental referral hospital in Botswana.
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional retrospective survey of 201 mental health staff (MHS) of Sbrana Psychiatric Hospital, Botswana. We used a self-administered questionnaire to obtain information on socio-demographics and various aspects of work-related violence and available source of supports. We also used Andrew and Withey Job Satisfaction Questionnaire to assess the workers' level of job satisfaction.
resultsOne hundred and seventy-nine questionnaires out of the two hundred and one returned were analyzed. One hundred and twenty-five (69.8%) of the respondents reported a lifetime experience of physical violence, while 44.1% experienced the same during the previous 12 months. Nursing services (χ2 = 29.95, p < 0.01) and long duration of service (χ2 = 29.95, p < 0.01) were associated with lifetime encounter of physical violence. Those who reported a physical assault had a higher level of job dissatisfaction than staff who never experienced violence (t = - 3.07, p = 0.02).
conclusionsThe rate of physical violence among mental health workers in Botswana is comparably high, and nurses are the most exposed members of staff. Protocol development and periodic training on violence prevention are hence recommended, especially for the most exposed members of staff.
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