ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2018
A Cost Benefit Analysis of an Active Travel Intervention with Health and Carbon Emission Reduction Benefits.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Walkability and urban built environments-a systematic review of health impact assessments (HIA).BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- Active Commuting and Depression Symptoms in Adults: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Socio-Ecological Natural Experiment with Randomized Controlled Trial to Promote Active Commuting to Work: Process Evaluation, Behavioral Impacts, and Changes in the Use and Quality of Walking and Cycling Paths.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Trial
- A policy analysis of active travel in public healthcare organizations, Victoria Australia.Health promotion international · 2025Article
- Robust design of bicycle infrastructure networks.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The impact of COVID-19 on walking practices in Korea: Policy implications for Urban health and physical activity resilience.PloS one · 2025Article
- The Effects of Mobile Primary Health Teams: Evidence from theWorld development · 2024Article
- The intervention design to promote active travel mode among children and adolescents: A systematic review.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Skills and Hills: Factors that Influence Women's and Non-Binary College Students' Decisions to Commute Via Bicycle.International journal of exercise science · 2024Article
- Success and Challenges of Community Bicycle Advocacy Organizations in Reaching Underserved Populations.Community health equity research & policy · 2023Article
- Understanding the effect of proactive personality and perceived consumer effectiveness on low-carbon travel intention.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Is cycle network expansion cost-effective? A health economic evaluation of cycling in Oslo.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Could smart research ensure healthy people in disrupted cities?Journal of transport & health · 2020Review
- Autonomous vehicles and cycling: Policy implications and management issues.Transportation research interdisciplinary perspectives · 2020Article
- The 2019 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: ensuring that the health of a child born today is not defined by a changing climate.Lancet (London, England) · 2019Review
- Physical activity-related health and economic benefits of building walkable neighbourhoods: a modelled comparison between brownfield and greenfield developments.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Active travel (walking and cycling) is beneficial for people’s health and has many co-benefits, such as reducing motor vehicle congestion and pollution in urban areas. There have been few robust evaluations of active travel, and very few studies have valued health and emissions outcomes. The ACTIVE before-and-after quasi-experimental study estimated the net benefits of health and other outcomes from New Zealand’s Model Communities Programme using an empirical analysis comparing two intervention cities with two control cities. The Programme funded investment in cycle paths, other walking and cycling facilities, cycle parking, ‘shared spaces’, media campaigns and events, such as ‘Share the Road’, and cycle-skills training. Using the modified Integrated Transport and Health Impacts Model, the Programme’s net economic benefits were estimated from the changes in use of active travel modes. Annual benefits for health in the intervention cities were estimated at 34.4 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and two lives saved due to reductions in cardiac disease, diabetes, cancer, and respiratory disease. Reductions in transport-related carbon emissions were also estimated and valued. Using a discount rate of 3.5%, the estimated benefit/cost ratio was 11:1 and was robust to sensitivity testing. It is concluded that when concerted investment is made in active travel in a city, there is likely to be a measurable, positive return on investment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.