ArticlePloS one2018
Critical-depth Raman spectroscopy enables home-use non-invasive glucose monitoring.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical validation of noninvasive blood glucose measurements by midinfrared spectroscopy.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Non-contact measurement of glucose in urine by smartphone-based laser refractometry for diabetes monitoring.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Analysis of glucose concentrations in blood solutions using FTIR and Raman spectroscopy methods.Biomedical optics express · 2025Article
- Calibration and performance of a Raman-based device for non-invasive glucose monitoring in type 2 diabetes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Design Key Points of High-Performance Diffuse Reflectance Optical Sensors for Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Measurement.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Noninvasive Glucose Measurements Through Transcutaneous Raman Spectroscopy: A Review.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2024Review
- Non-invasive blood glucose estimation method based on the phase delay between oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin using visible and near-infrared spectroscopy.Journal of biomedical optics · 2024Article
- Machine Learning Method and Hyperspectral Imaging for Precise Determination of Glucose and Silicon Levels.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Noninvasive Glucose Sensing In Vivo.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Accurate Post-Calibration Predictions for Noninvasive Glucose Measurements in People Using Confocal Raman Spectroscopy.ACS sensors · 2023Article
- Quantification of glycated hemoglobin and glucose in vivo using Raman spectroscopy and artificial neural networks.Lasers in medical science · 2022Article
- Is Raman the best strategy towards the development of non-invasive continuous glucose monitoring devices for diabetes management?Frontiers in chemistry · 2022Review
- Glucose biosensors in clinical practice: principles, limits and perspectives of currently used devices.Theranostics · 2022Review
- Feasibility Evaluation of Metamaterial Microwave Sensors for Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Monitoring.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- A Review of Non-Invasive Optical Systems for Continuous Blood Glucose Monitoring.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Evaluation of standardized performance test methods for biomedical Raman spectroscopy.Journal of biomedical optics · 2021Article
- Dual-Retarder Mueller Polarimetry System for Extraction of Optical Properties of Serum Albumin Protein Media.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Enhancing the Accuracy of Non-Invasive Glucose Sensing in Aqueous Solutions Using Combined Millimeter Wave and Near Infrared Transmission.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- Proof of Concept for a New Raman-Based Prototype for Noninvasive Glucose Monitoring.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
One of the most ambitious endeavors in the field of diabetes technology is non-invasive glucose sensing. In the past decades, a number of different technologies have been assessed, but none of these have found its entry into general clinical use. We report on the development of a table-top confocal Raman spectrometer that was used in the home of patients with diabetes and operated for extended periods of time unsupervised and without recalibration. The system is based on measurement of glucose levels at a 'critical depth' in the skin, specifically in the interstitial fluid located below the stratum corneum but above the underlying adipose tissue layer. The region chosen for routine glucose measurements was the base of the thumb (the thenar). In a small clinical study, 35 patients with diabetes analyzed their interstitial fluid glucose for a period of 60 days using the new critical-depth Raman (CD-Raman) method and levels were correlated to reference capillary blood glucose values using a standard finger-stick and test strip product. The calibration of the CD-Raman system was stable for > 10 days. Measurement performance for glucose levels present at, or below, a depth of ~250μm below the skin surface was comparable to that reported for currently available invasive continuous glucose monitors. In summary, using the CD-Raman technology we have demonstrated the first successful use of a non-invasive glucose monitor in the home.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.