Trial reportThe Pediatric infectious disease journal2018
Infectious Morbidity, Mortality and Nutrition in HIV-exposed, Uninfected, Formula-fed Infants: Results From the HPTN 040/PACTG 1043 Trial.
Trial report in The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06971445 (Effect of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Omega-3 Supplementation on Pregnancy Outcomes and Inflammation Markers in Pregnant Women HIV+, With Antiretroviral Therapy, Randomized Clinical Trial.), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Omega-3 Supplementation on Pregnancy Outcomes and Inflammation Markers in Pregnant Women HIV+, With Antiretroviral Therapy, Randomized Clinical Trial.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Autism outcomes and neurobehavioural markers in young children born to mothers with HIV in Kenya: a protocol for the Alama project.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Associations between maternal lipid profiles and cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes among children who are HIV-exposed uninfected vs. HIV-unexposed children aged 5-8 years in a South African birth cohort.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Care of the Child Perinatally Exposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinics in perinatology · 2024Review
- Rapid and sensitive liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric methods for the quantitation of dolutegravir in human plasma and breast milk.Journal of mass spectrometry and advances in the clinical lab · 2024Article
- Clinical and immunological outcomes of HIV-exposed uninfected and HIV-unexposed uninfected children in the first 24 months of life in Western Kenya.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Risk and rates of hospitalisation in young children: A prospective study of a South African birth cohort.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Language outcomes of preschool children who are HIV-exposed uninfected: An analysis of a South African cohort.PloS one · 2024Article
- Observational
- A 12-month Prospective Study of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected Women and Their Infants in Malawi: Comparative Analysis of Clinical Events and Infant Growth.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- Ineffective penicillin treatment and absence of partner treatment may drive the congenital syphilis epidemic in Brazil.AJOG global reports · 2022Article
- Dynamics of the infant gut microbiota in the first 18 months of life: the impact of maternal HIV infection and breastfeeding.Microbiome · 2022Article
- From Undetectable Equals Untransmittable (U=U) to Breastfeeding: Is the Jump Short?Infectious disease reports · 2022Article
- Under-nutrition and associated factors among children on ART in Southern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2021Article
- Longitudinal interrelationship between HIV viral suppression, maternal weight change, breastfeeding, and length in HIV-exposed and uninfected infants participating in the Kabeho study in Kigali, Rwanda.Annals of epidemiology · 2021Article
- Impact of HIV and antiretroviral drug exposure on lung growth and function over 2 years in an African Birth Cohort.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Observational
- Growth and Neurodevelopment of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children: a Conceptual Framework.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2019Review
- Contemporary Issues in Pregnancy (and Offspring) in the Current HIV Era.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 11 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants are a growing population with potentially poor health outcomes. We evaluated morbidity and mortality in HEU formula-fed infants enrolled in the NICHD HPTN 040/PACTG 1043 trial.
methodsInfectious morbidity, mortality and undernutrition were evaluated within a cohort of 1000 HEU infants enrolled between April 2004 and April 2010 in Brazil (n = 766) and South Africa (n = 234) as part of the NICHD/HPTN 040 trial of 3 different antiretroviral regimens to decrease intrapartum HIV vertical transmission.
resultsTwenty-three percent of infants had at least 1 infectious serious adverse effect. Infants born to mothers with <12 years of education [adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 2.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-5.9), with maternal viral load of >1,000,000 copies/mL at delivery (AOR, 9.9; 95% CI, 1.6-63.1) were more likely to have infectious serious adverse effects. At 6 months, the infant mortality rate per 1000 live births overall was 22 ± 2.6, 9.1 ± 1.8 in Brazil and 64.1 ± 3 in South Africa. Undernutrition and stunting peaked at 1 month of age with 18% having a weight-for-age Z score ≤-2, and 22% with height for Z score ≤-2. The likelihood of infant mortality was greater among infants born in South Africa compared with Brazil (AOR, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.5-15.8), high maternal viral load (AOR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.01-2.9) and birth weight-for-age Z score ≤-2 (AOR, 5.2; 95% CI, 1.8-14.8).
conclusionsThere were high rates of undernutrition, stunting and infectious serious adverse effect in this study's formula-fed HEU population. Suppressing maternal HIV viral load during the peripartum period may be a modifiable risk factor to decrease infant mortality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.