ReviewThe Indian journal of medical research2018
Advances & challenges in leptospiral vaccine development.
Review in The Indian journal of medical research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trends and advances inFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- Leptospirosis in Southeast Asia: Investigating Seroprevalence, Transmission Patterns, and Diagnostic Challenges.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Review
- Advances in the development of a vaccine for the prevention of human leptospirosis: a review.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2026Review
- A multi-epitope approach for development of a universal vaccine against leptospirosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Expression and Immunogenicity Analysis of Recombinant Leptospira Interrogans Surface Protein LigA in Mouse Model.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Herd and animal level seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Leptospira interrogans sensu lato serovar Hardjo in cattle in southwest Ethiopia.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Current treatment options for leptospirosis: a mini-review.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Improvement the expression and purification of Loa22: a lipoprotein with OmpA domain from pathogenicIranian journal of microbiology · 2023Article
- In Silico Approaches for the Identification of Aptamer Binding Interactions toTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Vaccination WithFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Distinct transcriptional profiles of Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo strains JB197 and HB203 cultured at different temperatures.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- The Leptospiral General Secretory Protein D (GspD), a secretin, elicits complement-independent bactericidal antibody against diverseVaccine: X · 2021Article
- Revisiting the Development of Vaccines Against PathogenicFrontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Cost analysis based on bioreactor cultivation conditions: Production of a soluble recombinant protein usingBiotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2020Article
- Investigating the Immunological and Biological Equilibrium of Reservoir Hosts and PathogenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Article
- An outbreak of leptospirosis among reserve military recruits, Hulu Perdik, Malaysia.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Considerable progress has been made in the field of leptospiral vaccines development since its first use as a killed vaccine in guinea pigs. Despite the fact that the immunity conferred is restricted to serovars with closely related lipopolysaccharide antigen, certain vaccines have remained useful, especially in endemic regions, for the protection of high-risk individuals. Other conventional vaccines such as the live-attenuated vaccine and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) vaccine have not gained popularity due to the reactive response that follows their administration and the lack of understanding of the pathogenesis of leptospirosis. With the recent breakthrough and availability of complete genome sequences of Leptospira, development of novel vaccine including recombinant protein vaccine using reverse vaccinology approaches has yielded encouraging results. However, factors hindering the development of effective leptospiral vaccines include variation in serovar distribution from region to region, establishment of renal carrier status following vaccination and determination of the dose and endpoint titres acceptable as definitive indicators of protective immunity. In this review, advancements and progress made in LPS-based vaccines, killed- and live-attenuated vaccines, recombinant peptide vaccines and DNA vaccines against leptospirosis are highlighted.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.