ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2018
Exposure-response analysis for evaluation of semaglutide dose levels in type 2 diabetes.
Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT01885208. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide Once-weekly Versus Exenatide ER 2.0 mg Once-weekly as add-on to 1-2 Oral Antidiabetic Drugs (OADs) in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes (SUSTAIN™ 3 - vs. QW GLP-1)
Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide Once-weekly Versus Sitagliptin Once-daily as add-on to Metformin and/or TZD in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes (SUSTAIN™ 2 - vs. DPP-4 Inhibitor)
Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide Once-weekly Versus Placebo in Drug-naïve Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
Safety and Efficacy of Semaglutide Once Weekly in Monotherapy or in Combination With One OAD in Japanese Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Who Are Insufficiently Controlled on Diet/Exercise Therapy or OAD Monotherapy
Open the trial in the graphWho cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Cost-effectiveness of Semaglutide Compared With Other Glucose-Lowering Medications in Treating Type 2 Diabetes: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Diabetes care · 2025Pooled it
- Exposure-Response Analysis of Efsubaglutide Alfa in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2025Trial
- Exposure-Response Analysis of Efsubaglutide Alfa in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Metformin.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2025Trial
- High-Dose Semaglutide (Up to 16 mg) in People With Type 2 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2 Trial.Diabetes care · 2025 · on this mapTrial
- Population Pharmacokinetics of Efsubaglutide Alfa in Healthy Subjects and Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2025Trial
- Levels of circulating semaglutide determine reductions in HbA1c and body weight in people with type 2 diabetes.Cell reports. Medicine · 2021Trial
- Effect of Oral Semaglutide on the Pharmacokinetics of Levonorgestrel and Ethinylestradiol in Healthy Postmenopausal Women and Furosemide and Rosuvastatin in Healthy Subjects.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2021Trial
- Impact on HbA1c and body weight of switching from other GLP-1 receptor agonists to semaglutide: A model-based approach.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2019 · on this mapTrial
- Review
- Efficacy, Safety and PK of Once-Daily Oral Semaglutide 25 mg for Obesity With and Without Type 2 Diabetes in Comparison With Subcutaneous Semaglutide 2.4 mg: A Model-Informed Drug Development Approach.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Dose-Response and Clinical Equivalence of Semaglutide and Tirzepatide for Weight Loss in Type 2 Diabetes: A Model-Based Analysis.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026Article
- The estrous cycle moderates the food and body weight suppressive effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonism.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Article
- Real-World Sex Differences in Response to Treatment with Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Analysis of Single-Center Outpatient Case Series.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Health Disparities in Obesity Treatment Outcomes, Access, and Utilization.Current obesity reports · 2025Review
- Review
- Factors associated with weight loss response to GLP-1 analogues for obesity treatment: a retrospective cohort analysis.BMJ open · 2025Article
- GLP-1 and Its Analogs: Does Sex Matter?Endocrinology · 2025Review
- A Comprehensive Review on the Pharmacokinetics and Drug-Drug Interactions of Approved GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and a Dual GLP-1/GIP Receptor Agonist.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Review
- Exposure-response modeling for nausea incidence for cotadutide using a Markov modeling approach.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsTo evaluate dose levels for semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, by examining the effects of demographic factors on efficacy and safety in an exposure-response analysis.
methodsWe analysed data from 1552 adults from four randomized phase III trials of 30 to 56 weeks' duration, investigating once-weekly semaglutide doses 0.5 and 1.0 mg. Exposure-response relationships were investigated using graphical and model-based techniques to assess the two dose levels and subgroups with the highest and lowest exposure and response.
resultsThe population had the following demographic characteristics: baseline mean age between 53.2 and 58.4 years, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) between 64 and 67 mmol/mol (8.0% and 8.3%), body weight between 71.3 and 96.2 kg, and diabetes duration between 4.2 and 8.9 years. Exposure-response analysis showed a clear HbA1c and weight reduction across exposures after 30 weeks, irrespective of baseline values. The exposure-response for HbA1c was influenced by baseline HbA1c, and body weight exposure-response was influenced by sex, with limited impact of other factors. Analyses for relevant subgroups of baseline body weight, baseline HbA1c and sex indicated clinically relevant additional benefits with regard to HbA1c and weight with 1.0 vs 0.5 mg semaglutide. The proportion of participants reporting gastrointestinal (GI) side effects increased with increasing exposure, but was counteracted by tolerance development.
conclusionsThe analysis showed that all subgroups obtained a clinically relevant benefit with semaglutide 0.5 mg and an additional benefit with semaglutide 1.0 mg. The increase in GI side effects with higher exposure was mitigated by gradually increasing the dose.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.