ArticleAIDS (London, England)2018
Microglial activation is inversely associated with cognition in individuals living with HIV on effective antiretroviral therapy.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Alterations of Brain Metabolites in Adults With HIV: A Systematic Meta-analysis of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies.Neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Implications and prospects of immunological and neuroimaging research in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol: A blunt weapon or a double-edged sword for virus-induced neuroinflammation.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Neuroimmune Correlates of HIV and Marijuana Use: Peripheral Biomarkers and Cognitive Function.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- Microglial reactivity and nodule formation are associated with Synaptodendritic damage in the brains of people with HIV-1.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Parkinsonism in people with virally suppressed HIV.The lancet. HIV · 2026Review
- Deep learning-derived arterial input function for dynamic brain PET.NeuroImage · 2025Article
- Differential Effects of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonists on HIV Replication and Inflammatory Activation in Monocyte-Derived Macrophages and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Microglia.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Article
- Imaging the translocator protein 18 kDa within cognitive control and declarative memory circuits in virally suppressed people with HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- THC reverses SIV-induced senescence in astrocytes: possible compensatory mechanism against HIV associated brain injury?Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- PET imaging of neuroinflammation: any credible alternatives to TSPO yet?Molecular psychiatry · 2025Review
- Functional and Structural Network Alterations in HIV-Associated Asymptomatic Neurocognitive Disorders: Evidence for Functional Disruptions Preceding Structural Changes.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2025Article
- Innate immune memory in chronic HIV and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND): potential mechanisms and clinical implications.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Review
- Central Nervous System Effects of Early HIV Infection and Consequences of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation during Acute HIV.Viruses · 2024Review
- Review
- Multimodal Approach to Neurocognitive Function in People Living with HIV in the cART Era: A Comprehensive Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Differences in neuroinflammation in people who started antiretroviral treatment during primary versus chronic HIV infection: an 18kDa Translocator protein (TSPO) positron emission tomography (PET) study.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Observational
- The Promise of Molecular Imaging: Focus on Central Nervous System Infections.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Review
- Microglia proliferation underlies synaptic dysfunction in the prefrontal cortex: implications for the pathogenesis of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive and affective alterations.Journal of neurovirology · 2023Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveDespite viral suppression, HIV-associated cognitive impairment persists and may be partially due to persistent immune signalling by cells of the myeloid-lineage. Here, we aimed to understand the contribution of activated microglia located in vulnerable brain regions (e.g. frontal, subcortical) of HIV-infected, virally suppressed (HIV+VS) individuals in relation to cognitive and motor function.
designTwenty-one HIV+VS individuals underwent PET with [11C]DPA-713 to image the translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO), a marker of microglial activation, and completed a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery.
methodsMultivariable linear regressions were used to examine the contribution of [11C]DPA-713 binding to cognitive performance.
resultsHigher [11C]DPA-713 binding was associated with lower cognition among HIV+VS individuals. [11C]DPA-713 binding in middle frontal gyrus/frontal cortex, hippocampus/temporal cortex and occipital cortex was inversely associated with performance on a number of cognitive domains, including verbal memory, processing speed/attention/concentration, executive function, working memory and motor function. [C]DPA-713 binding in parietal cortex, cerebellum and thalamus was associated with only specific cognitive domains including visual construction and verbal memory. Binding was not associated with global cognitive performance.
conclusionThe findings add to the growing body of evidence that immune-mediated brain injury may contribute to domain specific, HIV-associated, cognitive vulnerabilities despite viral suppression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.