ReviewCurrent environmental health reports2018
Outbreaks of Legionnaires' Disease and Pontiac Fever 2006-2017.
Review in Current environmental health reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Legionellosis Associated with Recreational Waters: A Systematic Review of Cases and Outbreaks in Swimming Pools, Spa Pools, and Similar Environments.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Pooled it
- Review
- Article
- The spectrum of legionnaires' disease: a case series illustrating clinical diversity and outcomes.AME case reports · 2026Article
- LegioTyper: Rapid typing of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 by flow-based chemiluminescence sandwich microarray immunoassay.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Seasonal Host Shifts for Legionella Within an Industrial Water-Cooling System.Environmental microbiology reports · 2025Article
- Moving Beyond the Silos of Opportunistic Pathogen and Disinfection Byproduct Research to Improve Drinking Water System Management.Environmental science & technology · 2025Review
- Foresight 2035: a perspective on the next decade of research on the management of Legionella spp. in engineered aquatic environments.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- The Detection Limits of Legionella According to the EU Directive 2020/2184. Could That Be Too Permissive?Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Article
- Ecology ofBiofilm · 2024Review
- An outbreak of Legionnaires' disease linked to a municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plant, The Netherlands, September-October 2022.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024Article
- Opportunistic Pathogens in Drinking Water Distribution Systems-A Review.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment Framework Incorporating Water Ages withEnvironmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Impact of climate change on amoeba and the bacteria they host.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2024Article
- A review ofFrontiers in public health · 2024Review
- Genotypic and phenotypic profiling of 127 Legionella pneumophila strains: Insights into regional spread.PloS one · 2024Article
- Sensitivity of Legionella pneumophila to phthalates and their substitutes.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Relationships between Legionella and Aeromonas spp. and associated lake bacterial communities across seasonal changes in an anthropogenic eutrophication gradient.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Legionnaires' Disease in Occupational Settings: A Cross-Sectional Study from Northeastern Italy (2019).Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Role ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of reviewThe global importance of Legionnaires' disease (LD) and Pontiac fever (PF) has grown in recent years. While sporadic cases of LD and PF do not always provide contextual information for evaluating causes and drivers of Legionella risks, analysis of outbreaks provides an opportunity to assess these factors. RECENT
findingsA review was performed and provides a summary of LD and PF outbreaks between 2006 and 2017. Of the 136 outbreaks, 115 were LD outbreaks, 4 were PF outbreaks, and 17 were mixed outbreaks of LD and PF. Cooling towers were implicated or suspected in the a large portion of LD or PF outbreaks (30% total outbreaks, 50% confirmed outbreak-associated cases, and 60% outbreak-associated deaths) over this period of time, while building water systems and pools/spas were also important contributors. Potable water/building water system outbreaks seldom identify specific building water system or fixture deficiencies. The outbreak data summarized here provides information for prioritizing and targeting risk analysis and mitigation strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
29744757What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.