Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29740200›Full record

ReviewWorld journal of gastroenterology2018

Emergence of immunotherapy as a novel way to treat hepatocellular carcinoma.

Naofumi Mukaida, Yasunari Nakamoto

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in World journal of gastroenterology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Integrated bioinformatical andFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma progression.World journal of gastroenterology · 2019
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Interleukin-1 Beta-A Friend or Foe in Malignancies?International journal of molecular sciences · 2018
    Review
  20. Role of secretory clusterin in hepatocarcinogenesis.Translational gastroenterology and hepatology · 2018
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Naofumi MukaidaDivision of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan. mukaida@staff.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.
Yasunari NakamotoSecond Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
Kanazawa University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tumor immunity proceeds through multiple processes, which consist of antigen presentation by antigen presenting cells (APCs) to educate effector cells and destruction by the effector cytotoxic cells. However, tumor immunity is frequently repressed at tumor sites. Malignantly transformed cells rarely survive the attack by the immune system, but cells that do survive change their phenotypes to reduce their immunogenicity. The resultant cells evade the attack by the immune system and form clinically discernible tumors. Tumor microenvironments simultaneously contain a wide variety of immune suppressive molecules and cells to dampen tumor immunity. Moreover, the liver microenvironment exhibits immune tolerance to reduce aberrant immune responses to massively-exposed antigens via the portal vein, and immune dysfunction is frequently associated with liver cirrhosis, which is widespread in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Immune therapy aims to reduce tumor burden, but it is also expected to prevent non-cancerous liver lesions from progressing to HCC, because HCC develops or recurs from non-cancerous liver lesions with chronic inflammatory states and/or cirrhosis and these lesions cannot be cured and/or eradicated by local and/or systemic therapies. Nevertheless, cancer immune therapy should augment specific tumor immunity by using two distinct measures: enhancing the effector cell functions such as antigen presentation capacity of APCs and tumor cell killing capacity of cytotoxic cells, and reactivating the immune system in immune-suppressive tumor microenvironments. Here, we will summarize the current status and discuss the future perspective on immune therapy for HCC.

Indexed as

Antigen PresentationAntigens, NeoplasmCarcinoma, HepatocellularCell Transformation, NeoplasticHumansImmune ToleranceImmunotherapyLiverLiver NeoplasmsLymphocyte ActivationNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalTumor MicroenvironmentAntigens, NeoplasmChimeric antigen receptor T cellCytokine-induced killer cellCytotoxic lymphocyte antigen-4Dendritic cellMyeloid-derived suppressor cellNatural killer cellNatural killer T cellPD-ligand 1Peptide vaccineProgram death-1Regulatory T cellT cell receptorTumor-associated antigenTumor infiltrating lymphocyte

Identifiers

PMID29740200
PMCPMC5937202
OpenAlexW2802176779

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.