ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2018
The Janus Face of VEGF in Stroke.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 166 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture antagonistic muscles combined with rehabilitation training in the treatment of spastic hemiplegia after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in ischemic stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of Different Intensities of Endurance Training on Neurotrophin Levels and Functional and Cognitive Outcomes in Post-Ischaemic Stroke Adults: A Randomised Clinical Trial.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Trial
- Blood-Based Biomarkers for Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- The Dual Role of VEGF in Intracerebral Haemorrhage: From Pathological Mechanisms to Therapeutic Opportunities.Revista de neurologia · 2026Review
- Observational
- High-intensity interval exercise affects neurogenesis and angiogenesis differently in diabetic and non-diabetic mice.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- The Role of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Epilepsy: Mechanisms and Consequences.Neurology international · 2025Review
- Promotion of angiogenesis in cerebral infarction by Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction through activation of glycolysis.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Article
- Ischemic stroke and intervention strategies based on the timeline of stroke progression: Review and prospects.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Integrated Strategies for Targeting Arteriogenesis and Angiogenesis After Stroke.Translational stroke research · 2025Review
- Delivery of Angiogenic Therapy from Flowable Hyaluronic Acid Porous Scaffolds Results in Functional Improvement without Anti-Inflammatory Agents.Advanced functional materials · 2025Article
- Daqinjiao Decoction Ameliorates CSVD via RXR-γ/PPAR-γ/VEGF-α Pathway: Insights From Transcriptome Sequencing and Network Pharmacology.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Hair follicle stem cell-derived secretome protects astrocytes in anAnatomy & cell biology · 2025Article
- [Eye acupuncture improves neural function in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by promoting angiogenesisNan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2025Article
- Electroacupuncture Attenuates Nerve Injury in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease by Protecting the Neurovascular Units.Neurochemical research · 2025Article
- VEGF-E Attenuates Injury After Ischemic Stroke by Promoting Reparative Revascularization.The European journal of neuroscience · 2025Article
- Unlocking the therapeutic potential of tumor-derived EVs in ischemia-reperfusion: a breakthrough perspective from glioma and stroke.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Review
- Injectable Brain Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels Enhance Neuronal Migration and Functional Recovery After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Biomaterials research · 2025Article
- Reduction of inflammatory biomarkers underlies extracellular vesicle mediated functional recovery in an aged monkey model of cortical injury.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The family of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are known for their regulation of vascularization. In the brain, VEGFs are important regulators of angiogenesis, neuroprotection and neurogenesis. Dysregulation of VEGFs is involved in a large number of neurodegenerative diseases and acute neurological insults, including stroke. Stroke is the main cause of acquired disabilities, and normally results from an occlusion of a cerebral artery or a hemorrhage, both leading to focal ischemia. Neurons in the ischemic core rapidly undergo necrosis. Cells in the penumbra are exposed to ischemia, but may be rescued if adequate perfusion is restored in time. The neuroprotective and angiogenic effects of VEGFs would theoretically make VEGFs ideal candidates for drug therapy in stroke. However, contradictory to what one might expect, endogenously upregulated levels of VEGF as well as the administration of exogenous VEGF is detrimental in acute stroke. This is probably due to VEGF-mediated blood⁻brain-barrier breakdown and vascular leakage, leading to edema and increased intracranial pressure as well as neuroinflammation. The key to understanding this Janus face of VEGF function in stroke may lie in the timing; the harmful effect of VEGFs on vessel integrity is transient, as both VEGF preconditioning and increased VEGF after the acute phase has a neuroprotective effect. The present review discusses the multifaceted action of VEGFs in stroke prevention and therapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.