ReviewHarvard review of psychiatry
Functional Neuroanatomy of Emotion and Its Regulation in PTSD.
Review in Harvard review of psychiatry. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 163 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fears Worth Testing Out: A Systematic Review of the Neural Mechanisms of Treatment Outcome for Anxiety-Related Disorders.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2025Pooled it
- Neuroimaging Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Journal of neurotrauma · 2023Pooled it
- Emotional dysregulation as trans-nosographic psychopathological dimension in adulthood: A systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Does trauma-focused psychotherapy change the brain? A systematic review of neural correlates of therapeutic gains in PTSD.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2021Pooled it
- Dose-related reductions in prefrontal recruitment during cognitive reappraisal following oral delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in posttraumatic stress disorder.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Trial
- Understanding emotion dysregulation in PTSD - GAD comorbidity.Journal of anxiety disorders · 2025Trial
- Cannabinoid modulation of brain activation during volitional regulation of negative affect in trauma-exposed adults.Neuropharmacology · 2022Trial
- The Relationship of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder to End-of-life Care Received by Dying Veterans: a Secondary Data Analysis.Journal of general internal medicine · 2020Trial
- Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Child and Adolescent Trauma Screen-2 (CATS-2) and Its Associations With Posttraumatic Stress, Depression, and Anxiety Symptoms.Clinical child psychology and psychiatry · 2026Article
- Selective Dopamine Transporter Inhibition with CE-123 Promotes Fear Extinction and Alters the Basolateral Amygdala Proteome Following Fear Extinction in Adolescent Male Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Functional brain imaging in posttraumatic stress disorder: a review.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- The role of reduced sense of isolation in group-format PTSD treatment.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Early life social defeat in mice reduces prefrontal innervation of downstream structures in a regionally specific manner.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Mental health and psychosocial support interventions for populations affected by ongoing armed conflict: a scoping review.BMJ global health · 2026Article
- A pilot study of brain correlates of long-term treatment with transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation in posttraumatic stress disorder.Journal of affective disorders reports · 2026Article
- Light Treatment for PTSD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2026Review
- Social hierarchy and resilience affect stress-induced PTSD via Uba7 gene expression and subsequent inflammation in microglia of the mPFC.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- History of Trauma Exposure and Post-Traumatic Stress Spectrum Symptoms in a Sample of Bariatric Surgery Candidates: Clinical Correlates and Association with Maladaptive Eating Behaviours.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Observational
- Ketogenic therapy as a potential novel treatment approach for PTSD: an integrative review and proposed mechanistic model.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Influence of working memory overload on emotional processing and recognition memory: An fNIRS study.Memory & cognition · 2026Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a devastating disorder, linked to profound mental, physical, occupational, and functional impairment. In addition, it is a highly complex disorder, characterized by symptom heterogeneity across multiple domains. Nevertheless, emotion dysregulation arising from the exaggerated response to threat or from the inability to regulate negative emotional states plays a defining role in the pathophysiology of PTSD. In order to improve our understanding of how emotion dysregulation manifests in this illness, functional neuroimaging research over the past 20 years provides great insight into underlying neuroanatomy of each component of emotion dysregulation in the context of PTSD. While prior reviews exist on the topic of neuroimaging findings in PTSD, the present review synthesizes that work through the lens of emotion and its regulation. Studies that employed tasks of emotional responding and symptom provocation, implicit regulation (e.g., emotional Stroop and interference), explicit regulation (e.g., cognitive reappraisal), and fear conditioning/extinction were reviewed. Findings demonstrate that emotion dysregulation in PTSD arises from complications within a large neurocircuitry involving the amygdala, insula, hippocampus, anterior cingulate cortex, and prefrontal cortex. Although an exaggerated response in the amygdala and insula to negative emotional triggers is pervasive, PTSD is also marked by deficient appraisal, resolution, and management of negative emotional states subserved by the anterior cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex during regulation. These findings further support the importance of studying emotion-regulation deficits in tandem with exaggerated symptom provocation in order to better understand the constellation of symptoms present in those with PTSD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.