ReviewEuropean journal of immunology2018
The enigmatic function of IgD: some answers at last.
Review in European journal of immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 148 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunoglobulins with Non-Canonical Functions in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disease States.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Characterization of immunoglobulin loci inNAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2026Article
- In response: do-not-resuscitate designation as a hemovigilance strategy for Rh(D)-negative inventory stewardship.Transfusion · 2026Article
- Scalable, generalizable and uncertainty-aware integration of spatial multiomics across diverse modalities and platforms with SCIGMA.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Biophysical properties of IgD determine thresholds for self-tolerance and selection into germinal centers.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Multi-omic profiling of human antibody-secreting cells reveals diverse subsets sustain durable humoral immunity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Pediatric long COVID is characterized by myeloid CCR6 suppression and immune dysregulation.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Transcriptome-Proteome Analysis of Human Naive and Memory B Cell Subsets Reveals Isotype and Subclass-Specific Phenotypes.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Antibodies in plasma and blood cells of horses.Open veterinary journal · 2026Article
- IgD-Expressing Mature B Cells Exhibit Enhanced Sensitivity to Glucocorticoid-Induced Cell Death.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- A novel case of autosomal recessive CARD11 loss-of-function underlying impaired antiviral immunity and a review of literature.Clinical & translational immunology · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic profiling and IgM and IgT repertoire dynamics in rainbow trout gills following primary and secondary challenge withFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Imbalance of Circulating B-Cell Subsets Was Associated With Higher Risk of Relapses in RRMS Patients.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- IgD in nucleus of pro-B cells promotes pro-B cells proliferation by regulating E2F3 expression.Cell & bioscience · 2025Article
- IgMScientific reports · 2025Article
- Anti-IgD nanobodies as novel tools for studying human IgD biology.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Ontology-guided clustering enables proteomic analysis of rare pediatric disorders.EMBO molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Long-term B cell memory emerges at uniform relative rates in the human immune response.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
IgD emerged soon after IgM at the time of inception of the adaptive immune system. Despite its evolutionary conservation from fish to humans, the specific functions of IgD have only recently begun to be elucidated. Mature B cells undergo alternative mRNA splicing to express IgD and IgM receptors with identical antigenic specificity. The enigma of dual IgD and IgM expression has been tackled by several recent studies showing that IgD helps peripheral accumulation of physiologically autoreactive B cells through its functional unresponsiveness to self-antigens but prompt readiness against foreign antigens. IgD achieves this balance by attenuating IgM-mediated anergy while promoting specific responses to multimeric non-self-antigens. Additional research has clarified how and why certain mucosal B cells become plasmablasts or plasma cells specializing in IgD secretion. In particular, the microbiota has been shown to play an important role in driving class switch-mediated replacement of IgM with IgD. Secreted IgD appears to enhance mucosal homeostasis and immune surveillance by "arming" myeloid effector cells such as basophils and mast cells with IgD antibodies reactive against mucosal antigens, including commensal and pathogenic microbes. Here we will review these advances and discuss their implications in humoral immunity in human and mice.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.