ArticleFrontiers in immunology2018
Adaptive NKG2C
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prognostic Significance of Tumor-Infiltrating Natural Killer Cells in Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Pooled it
- Identifying SARS-CoV-2 'memory' NK cells from COVID-19 convalescent donors for adoptive cell therapy.Immunology · 2022Trial
- TIM-3, a potential target for sepsis therapy.Chinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi · 2026Review
- Transcriptional Profile Change of NK-92 Cells in Presence of Cytokines, TGFβ Signaling Pathway Inhibitor and CDK7/12/13 Kinase Inhibitor.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Resident CD49aScience advances · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint biology in hepatocellular carcinoma (Review).Oncology letters · 2025Review
- Phenotypes, mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies of natural killer cell immunosenescence.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Review
- Review
- NK Count and Natural Cytotoxicity in Immune Nonresponders Versus Responders Living With HIV.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- NKG2C+CD57+ natural killer cells with senescent features are induced during cutaneous leishmaniasis and accumulate in patients with lesional healing impairment.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2024Article
- Comparative immune profiling of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression among South African patients.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- From Genesis to Old Age: Exploring the Immune System One Cell at a Time with Flow Cytometry.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- OMIP-098: A 26 parameter, 24 color flow cytometry panel for human memory NK cell phenotyping.Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology · 2023Article
- The Frequency and Function of NKG2CViruses · 2023Article
- Early expansion of activated adaptive but also exhausted NK cells during acute severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Phenotypic and functional characteristics of highly differentiated CD57+NKG2C+ NK cells in HIV-1-infected individuals.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2022Article
- Article
- Is IFN expression by NK cells a hallmark of severe COVID-19?Cytokine · 2022Article
- Characterization of NKG2-A/-C, Kir and CD57 on NK Cells Stimulated with pp65 and IE-1 Antigens in Patients Awaiting Lung Transplant.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Natural killer cell homing and trafficking in tissues and tumors: from biology to application.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Repetitive stimulation by persistent pathogens such as human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) induces the differentiation of natural killer (NK) cells. This maturation pathway is characterized by the acquisition of phenotypic markers, CD2, CD57, and NKG2C, and effector functions-a process regulated by Tim-3 and orchestrated by a complex network of transcriptional factors, involving T-bet, Eomes, Zeb2, promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein, and Foxo3. Here, we show that persistent immune activation during chronic viral co-infections (HCMV, hepatitis C virus, and HIV) interferes with the functional phenotype of NK cells by modulating the Tim-3 pathway; a decrease in Tim-3 expression combined with the acquisition of inhibitory receptors skewed NK cells toward an exhausted and cytotoxic phenotype in an inflammatory environment during chronic HIV infection. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying NK cell differentiation could aid the identification of new immunological targets for checkpoint blockade therapies in a manner that is relevant to chronic infection and cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.