Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29731643›Full record

ArticleInfection and drug resistance2018

Ugly bugs in healthy guts! Carriage of multidrug-resistant and ESBL-producing commensal Enterobacteriaceae in the intestine of healthy Nepalese adults.

Anjila Maharjan, Anjeela Bhetwal, Shreena Shakya, Deepa Satyal, Shashikala Shah, Govardhan Joshi, Puspa Raj Khanal, Narayan Prasad Parajuli

Open access · goldAbstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and drug resistance, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Gut colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms in hospitalized patients with gastrointestinal illness: A single-centre, cross-sectional study.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2026
    Article
  2. Genomic insights into extended-spectrumJournal of medical microbiology · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Detection of Multidrug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Intestinal Carriage of Extended-SpectrumThe Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2021
    Article
  15. Extended-SpectrumInterdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases · 2020
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Anjila MaharjanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Anjeela BhetwalDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Shreena ShakyaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Deepa SatyalDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Shashikala ShahDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Govardhan JoshiDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Puspa Raj KhanalDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Narayan Prasad ParajuliDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences · NP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFecal carriage of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae is one of the important risk factors for infection with antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In this report, we examined the prevalence of multidrug-resistant and ESBL-producing common enterobacterial strains colonizing the intestinal tract of apparently healthy adults in Kathmandu, Nepal.

methodsDuring a 6-month period (February-July 2016), a total of 510 stool specimens were obtained from apparently healthy students of Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal. Stool specimens were cultured, and the most common enterobacterial isolates (

resultsAmong 510 bacterial strains,

conclusionMultidrug-resistant and ESBL-producing enterobacterial commensal strains among healthy individuals are of serious concern. Persistent carriage of ESBL organisms in healthy individuals suggests the possibility of sustained ESBL carriage among the diseased and hospitalized patients. We recommend similar types of epidemiologic surveys in larger communities and in hospital settings to ascertain the extent of ESBL resistance.

Indexed as

CTX-MESBLhealthy adultsintestinal carriageNepalSHVTEM

Identifiers

PMID29731643
PMCPMC5927189
OpenAlexW2799537073

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.