ArticleMolecular cell2018
RNA Helicase DDX1 Converts RNA G-Quadruplex Structures into R-Loops to Promote IgH Class Switch Recombination.
Article in Molecular cell, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 133 papers.
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Who cites it
133 citing papers in PubMed, 181 citations in OpenAlex.
- BRIP1, a G-quadruplex DNA helicase, protects against AID-induced genomic instability by limiting R-loop accumulation.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- DDX3X regulates DNA repair pathway choice at double-strand breaks via RNA-DNA hybrid formation.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of transcription termination across the coding and noncoding loci of the genome.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2026Review
- The RNA-Binding Protein PARN Remodeled 3' UTR Structure Defines Poly(A)-Loading Sites to Mediate Immunoglobulin Homeostasis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- HELZ is a RNA-DNA helicase that resolves R loops to facilitate homologous recombination repair.Nature communications · 2026Article
- RNA helicase DHX29 controls the translation of transcription factors involved in germinal center response and plasma cell differentiation in mice.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- CTCF directly binds G-quadruplex structures to regulate genome topology and gene expression.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Nuclear export of R-loop by the DDX1 and XPO1 complex promotes senescence-associated secretory phenotype and inflammaging.Nature aging · 2026Article
- DDX5 (p68) and UbE2T as emerging superior cancer therapeutic targets: dual molecular glue target degradation by FL118 for conquering difficult-to-treat cancers.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Review
- Characterizations of G-Quadruplex RNA-Protein Interactions in Living Cells.Analytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Enzymology of the metazoan tRNA ligase complex: a lifetime in cycles.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Review
- R-loop disruption triggers irreversible topoisomerase 1-DNA cleavage complex formation during AID-dependent IgH gene diversification.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- DNA secondary structures in BCL2 and MYC elicit activation-induced cytidine deaminase binding and activity.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- MDS/AML-associated DDX41 helicase facilitates homologous recombination repair by potentially resolving R-loops.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- In silico mapping of non-canonical DNA structures across the human ribosomal DNA locus.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Immune dysfunction in nucleotide excision repair disorders: an underrecognized clinical phenotype with relevance for inborn errors of immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting R-loops: diverse RNA helicases in R-loop resolution and their potential as targets for cancer therapy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- The evolutionary entanglement of flipons with zinc fingers and retroelements has engendered a large family of Z-DNA and G-quadruplex binding proteins.Open biology · 2025Article
- DHX36 modulates stress granule assembly independent of recruitment of mRNAs with G-quadruplex sequence motifs.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Possible role of human ribonuclease dicer in the regulation of R loops.FEBS open bio · 2025Review
73 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Class switch recombination (CSR) at the immunoglobulin heavy-chain (IgH) locus is associated with the formation of R-loop structures over switch (S) regions. While these often occur co-transcriptionally between nascent RNA and template DNA, we now show that they also form as part of a post-transcriptional mechanism targeting AID to IgH S-regions. This depends on the RNA helicase DDX1 that is also required for CSR in vivo. DDX1 binds to G-quadruplex (G4) structures present in intronic switch transcripts and converts them into S-region R-loops. This in turn targets the cytidine deaminase enzyme AID to S-regions so promoting CSR. Notably R-loop levels over S-regions are diminished by chemical stabilization of G4 RNA or by the expression of a DDX1 ATPase-deficient mutant that acts as a dominant-negative protein to reduce CSR efficiency. In effect, we provide evidence for how S-region transcripts interconvert between G4 and R-loop structures to promote CSR in the IgH locus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.