SynthesisClinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases2019
The vaginal microbiota and its association with human papillomavirus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Mycoplasma genitalium infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
114 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 196 citations in OpenAlex.
- The correlation between vaginal pathogens and high-risk human papilloma virus infection: a meta-analysis of case-control studies.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Risk factors for human papillomavirus infection, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer: an umbrella review and follow-up Mendelian randomisation studies.BMC medicine · 2023Pooled it
- The association between vaginal microbiota and female infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2020Pooled it
- Chlamydia trachomatis Incidence in Relation to Vaginal Microbiota Dynamics, Immunogenetics and Exposures in a Cohort of Young Student Women in France.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- Vaginal microbiota stability over 18 months in young student women in France.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2024Trial
- The association of Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium infection with the vaginal metabolome.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- The bacterial microbiota in first-void urine from men with and without idiopathic urethritis.PloS one · 2018Trial
- Association Between Vaginal Microbiota and Female Infertility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Comparative Epidemiology and Co-Detection ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A microphysiologic human cervical model recapitulates microbial, immune, and pathogenic properties of sexually transmitted infections.Science advances · 2026Article
- Review
- Machine learning-based prediction of BV-relevant probiotic functional potential in vaginal-derived Lactobacillus crispatus strains.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Distribution of Antimicrobial Resistance-Associated Mutations inMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Identification of the cannabinoid receptor 1 antagonist, ibipinabant, as a potent inhibitor ofAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Regulatory Effects ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- A Dive into the Invisible: The Vaginal and Endometrial Microbiota in Gynecologic and Obstetric Disorders: A Narrative Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Sex hormone-responsive human vaginal epithelial organoids: a novel in vitro platform for studying Chlamydia trachomatis infection.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Uterine microbiota dynamics and new therapeutic opportunities in gynecological diseases.American journal of translational research · 2026Review
- Microbial community structure and source contribution to the early neovaginal microbiota following penile inversion vaginoplasty.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Gut-reproduction axis: a new perspective on understanding pelvic inflammatory disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe vaginal microbiota may modulate susceptibility to human papillomavirus (HPV), Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Mycoplasma genitalium infections. Persistent infection with a carcinogenic HPV is a prerequisite for cervical cancer, and C. trachomatis, N. gonorrheae and M. genitalium genital infections are all associated with pelvic inflammatory disease and subsequent infertility issues.
objectivesTo evaluate the association between these infections and the vaginal microbiota. DATA SOURCES: The search was conducted on Medline and the Web of Science for articles published between 2000 and 2016. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Inclusion criteria included a measure of association for vaginal microbiota and one of the considered STIs, female population, cohort, cross-sectional and interventional designs, and the use of PCR methods for pathogen detection.
methodsThe vaginal microbiota was dichotomized into high-Lactobacillus vaginal microbiota (HL-VMB) and low-Lactobacillus vaginal microbiota (LL-VMB), using either Nugent score, Amsel's criteria, presence of clue cells or gene sequencing. A random effects model assuming heterogeneity among the studies was used for each STI considered.
resultsThe search yielded 1054 articles, of which 39 met the inclusion criteria. Measures of association with LL-VMB ranged from 0.6 (95% CI 0.3-1.2) to 2.8 (95% CI 0.3-28.0), 0.7 (95% CI 0.4-1.2) to 5.2 (95% CI 1.9-14.8), 0.8 (95% CI 0.5-1.4) to 3.8 (95% CI 0.4-36.2) and 0.4 (95% CI 0.1-1.5) to 6.1 (95% CI 2.0-18.5) for HPV, C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae and M. genitalium infections, respectively.
conclusionsAlthough no clear trend for N. gonorrhoeae and M. genitalium infections could be detected, our results support a protective role of HL-VMB for HPV and C. trachomatis. Overall, these findings advocate for the use of high-resolution characterization methods for the vaginal microbiota and the need for longitudinal studies to lay the foundation for its integration in prevention and treatment strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.