GuidelineEuropean heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy2018
Expert consensus document on the management of hyperkalaemia in patients with cardiovascular disease treated with renin angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors: coordinated by the Working Group on Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy of the European Society of Cardiology.
Guideline in European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 189 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interdisciplinary recommendations for recurrent hyperkalaemia: insights from the GUARDIAN-HK European Steering Committee.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2025Guideline
- The Efficacy and Safety of Patiromer for Heart Failure Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2024Pooled it
- Dietary Potassium Intake and Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease Progression in Predialysis Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in Patients With Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease.The American journal of cardiology · 2020Pooled it
- Phase 1 studies of the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of BI 690517 (vicadrostat), a novel aldosterone synthase inhibitor, in healthy male volunteers.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Trial
- Hypokalaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: the effect of finerenone-a FIDELITY analysis.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2025Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate for Treatment of Hyperkalemia: An 11-Month Open-Label Extension of HARMONIZE.American journal of nephrology · 2019Trial
- Early mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism for end-organ protection in hypertension: Implications for disparities and rethinking the timing paradigm.Dialogues in health · 2026Review
- Clinical impact of an EHR-integrated hyperkalemia management system: a real-world study of 10,934 episodes.Renal failure · 2026Article
- Treatment Patterns, Disease Management, and Quality of Life in Outpatients with CKD and Decreased eGFR: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study in Greece.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Zilebesiran in Hypertension: Reversibility, Acute Illness, and Therapeutic Flexibility.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2026Review
- Article
- [Current primary care management of patients with hyperkalemia in Germany - Findings on monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment of elevated potassium levels].Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Hyperkalemia in a Contemporary European Cohort According to EKFC eGFR Categories.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Hyperkalemia management in heart failure and chronic kidney disease: a Spanish cost-effectiveness analysis of patiromer informed by the integrated DIAMOND trial and real-world evidence.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Advances in Hyperkalemia Management and the Emerging Role of Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate.Electrolyte & blood pressure : E & BP · 2026Review
- An Implantable Loop Recorder in the Diagnosis of Cardiac Arrhythmias: The Importance of Drug Treatment in Predicting Pacemaker Requirement.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- The exquisite link between potassium homeostasis regulation and cardiovascular health: exploration and analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Comprehensive Management of Hyperkalaemia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Conditions: Expert Recommendations from Mexico.Cardiac failure review · 2026Review
- What to do with key cardiovascular drugs when kidney function worsens?Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 18 institutions in 15 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Renin angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors/antagonists/blockers (RAASi) are a cornerstone in treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases especially in those with heart failure (HF) due to their proven effect on surrogate and hard endpoints. Renin angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors are also the basis in treatment of arterial hypertension, and they are furthermore indicated to reduce events and target organ damage in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease, where they have specific indication because of the evidence of benefit. Renin angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitor therapy, however, is associated with an increased risk of hyperkalaemia. Patients with chronic kidney disease and HF are at increased risk of hyperkalaemia and ∼50% of these patients experience two or more yearly recurrences. A substantial proportion of patients receiving RAASi therapy have their therapy down-titrated or more often discontinued even after a single episode of elevated potassium (K+) level. Since RAASi therapy reduces mortality and morbidity in patients with cardiovascular disease steps should, when hyperkalaemia develops, be considered to lower K+ level and enable patients to continue their RAASi therapy. The use of such measures are especially important in those patients with the most to gain from RAASi therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.