ArticleBMC public health2018
Intimate partner violence, forced first sex and adverse pregnancy outcomes in a sample of Zimbabwean women accessing maternal and child health care.
Article in BMC public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intimate Partner Violence Against Women and Mortality Among Children Younger Than 5 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2026Pooled it
- Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Identifying the Impact of Intimate Partner Violence in Humanitarian Settings: Using an Ecological Framework to Review 15 Years of Evidence.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Associations Between Forced Sexual Initiation, Post-exposure Prophylaxis Cascades and Subsequent Violence Experiences Among Displaced Young Women in Ugandan Informal Urban Settlements.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Refusal of male partner responsibility and pregnancy support: prevalence, associated factors and health outcomes in a cross sectional study in Harare, Zimbabwe.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Holistic perinatal care during intimate examinations: An integrative review.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2025Review
- Article
- Linkages between maternal experience of intimate partner violence and child nutrition outcomes: A rapid evidence assessment.PloS one · 2024Article
- Intimate partner violence and antenatal care utilization predictors in Uganda: an analysis applying Andersen's behavioral model of healthcare utilization.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Global achievement of maternal health-related sustainable development goals targets among women exposed to intimate partner violence.BMC women's health · 2023Article
- Association between trauma exposure and glucocorticosteroid concentration in hair during pregnancy.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2023Article
- Health care services for survivors of gender-based violence: a community and clinic-based intervention in Zambézia province, Mozambique.AIDS care · 2023Article
- Intimate partner sexual violence during pregnancy and its associated factors in Northwest Ethiopian women.Frontiers in sociology · 2023Article
- Intimate partner violence as a determinant factor for spontaneous abortion during pregnancy: an unmatched case-control study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Sexual violence and adverse reproductive health outcomes among youth females in North Shoa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study.SAGE open medicine · 2022Article
- Association between intimate partner violence during pregnancy and risk of preterm birth.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Maternal Sociodemographic Factors and Antenatal Stress.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Association between intimate partner violence and the use of maternal health care services among married Malawian women.BMC women's health · 2021Article
- Factors associated with age of first sex among women screened for an observational contraceptive vaginal ring study in Kisumu, Kenya, 2014.African journal of reproductive health · 2021Observational
- Sexual violence against women in the Western Amazon.Revista de saude publica · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIntimate partner violence (IPV) remains a serious problem with a wide range of health consequences including poor maternal and newborn health outcomes. We assessed the relationship between IPV, forced first sex (FFS) and maternal and newborn health outcomes.
methodsA cross sectional study was conducted with 2042 women aged 15-49 years attending postnatal care at six clinics in Harare, Zimbabwe, 2011. Women were interviewed on IPV while maternal and newborn health data were abstracted from clinic records. We conducted logistic regression models to assess the relationship between forced first sex (FFS), IPV (lifetime, in the last 12 months and during pregnancy) and maternal and newborn health outcomes.
resultsOf the recent pregnancies 27.6% were not planned, 50.9% booked (registered for antenatal care) late and 5.6% never booked. A history of miscarriage was reported by 11.5%, and newborn death by 9.4% of the 2042 women while 8.6% of recent livebirths were low birth weight (LBW) babies. High prevalence of emotional (63,9%, 40.3%, 43.8%), physical (37.3%, 21.3%, 15.8%) and sexual (51.7%, 35.6%, 38.8%) IPV ever, 12 months before and during pregnancy were reported respectively. 15.7% reported forced first sex (FFS). Each form of lifetime IPV (emotional, physical, sexual, physical/sexual) was associated with a history of miscarrying (aOR ranges: 1.26-1.38), newborn death (aOR ranges: 1.13-2.05), and any negative maternal and newborn health outcome in their lifetime (aOR ranges: 1.32-1.55). FFS was associated with a history of a negative outcome (newborn death, miscarriage, stillbirth) (aOR1.45 95%CI: 1.06-1.98). IPV in the last 12 months before pregnancy was associated with unplanned pregnancy (aOR ranges 1.31-2.02) and booking late for antenatal care. Sexual IPV (aOR 2.09 CI1.31-3.34) and sexual/physical IPV (aOR2.13, 95%CI: 1.32-3.42) were associated with never booking for antenatal care. Only emotional IPV during pregnancy was associated with low birth weight (aOR1.78 95%CI1.26-2.52) in the recent pregnancy and any recent pregnancy negative outcomes including LBW, premature baby, emergency caesarean section (aOR1.38,95%CI:1.03-1.83).
conclusionsForced first sex (FFS) and intimate partner violence (IPV) are associated with adverse maternal and newborn health outcomes. Strengthening primary and secondary violence prevention is required to improve pregnancy-related outcomes.
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