Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29723948›Full record

ArticleThe Science of the total environment2018

Characterization of engineered nanoparticles in commercially available spray disinfectant products advertised to contain colloidal silver.

Kim R Rogers, Jana Navratilova, Aleksandr Stefaniak, Lauren Bowers, Alycia K Knepp, Souhail R Al-Abed, Phillip Potter, Alireza Gitipour, Islam Radwan, Clay Nelson and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Science of the total environment, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Biocidal Properties of New Silver Nanoparticles Argirium SUNcNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Physiological Response of Nutrient-StressedPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Neurotoxicology of Nanomaterials.Chemical research in toxicology · 2020
    Review
  17. Dissolution of Silver Nanoparticles in Colloidal Consumer Products: Effects of Particle Size and Capping Agent.Journal of nanoparticle research : an interdisciplinary forum for nanoscale science and technology · 2019
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Kim R RogersU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, RTP, NC, United States. Electronic address: rogers.kim@epa.gov.
Jana NavratilovaU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, RTP, NC, United States.
Aleksandr StefaniakNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, United States.
Lauren BowersNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, United States.
Alycia K KneppNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, United States.
Souhail R Al-AbedU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
Phillip PotterU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
Alireza GitipourU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
Islam RadwanU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
Clay NelsonU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, RTP, NC, United States.
Karen D BradhamU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, RTP, NC, United States.

Funding

Intramural EPA EPA999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Given the potential for human exposure to silver nanoparticles from spray disinfectants and dietary supplements, we characterized the silver-containing nanoparticles in 22 commercial products that advertised the use of silver or colloidal silver as the active ingredient. Characterization parameters included: total silver, fractionated silver (particulate and dissolved), primary particle size distribution, hydrodynamic diameter, particle number, and plasmon resonance absorbance. A high degree of variability between claimed and measured values for total silver was observed. Only 7 of the products showed total silver concentrations within 20% of their nominally reported values. In addition, significant variations in the relative percentages of particulate vs. soluble silver were also measured in many of these products reporting to be colloidal. Primary silver particle size distributions by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed two populations of particles - smaller particles (<5nm) and larger particles between 20 and 40nm. Hydrodynamic diameter measurements using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) correlated well with TEM analysis for the larger particles. Z-average (Z-Avg) values measured using dynamic light scattering (DLS); however, were typically larger than both NTA or TEM particle diameters. Plasmon resonance absorbance signatures (peak absorbance at around 400nm indicative of metallic silver nanoparticles) were only noted in 4 of the 9 yellow-brown colored suspensions. Although the total silver concentrations were variable among products, ranging from 0.54mg/L to 960mg/L, silver containing nanoparticles were identified in all of the product suspensions by TEM.

Indexed as

ColloidalDietary supplementHuman exposureNanoparticleSilverSpray disinfectant

Identifiers

PMID29723948
PMCPMC5939576

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.