ReviewJournal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)2018
The Science of Salt: A focused review on salt-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors, and gender differences.
Review in Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours related to reduced-sodium salt: a systematic review.Journal of human hypertension · 2026Pooled it
- Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours Related to Dietary Salt Intake in High-Income Countries: a Systematic Review.Current nutrition reports · 2018Pooled it
- Trial
- Family Self-management Program for Hypertension Management and Sodium Consumption Adherence: A Parallel Randomized Control Trial Among Family Caregivers and People With Hypertension.Journal of research in health sciences · 2024Trial
- Domain-specific knowledge on salt-related health risks and medical professional identity: implications for cardiovascular prevention.Cardiology journal · 2026Article
- The habit of adding salt to food at the table and its association with socio-demographic, anthropometric and dietary characteristics in Brazilian older adults.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Studies on dietary sodium knowledge, attitudes and behaviours in the Americas: a scoping review.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- A study on the consumer behavior and attitude toward low-sodium convenience store foods.Nutrition research and practice · 2024Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to dietary salt among older adults in Abha, Saudi Arabia.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Article
- Social Media Interventions for Nutrition Education Among Adolescents: Scoping Review.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2023Article
- Salt-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors and Their Relationship with 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion in Chinese Adults.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Development and validation of an instrument to assess Brazilians' knowledge, perceptions, and behaviors toward salt and sodium.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2022Article
- Salt-Related Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior in an Intervention to Reduce Added Salt When Cooking in a Sample of Adults in Portugal.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Salt-related practices and its association with 24-hour urinary sodium excretion in an Uruguayan population cohort.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2022Article
- Strengthening Knowledge to Practice on Effective Salt Reduction Interventions in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Current nutrition reports · 2021Review
- Comparison of Salt-Related Knowledge and Behaviors Status of WeChat Users between 2019 and 2020.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Knowledge, attitude and behaviour of university students regarding salt and iodine: a multicentre cross-sectional study in six countries in Europe and Asia.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2021Article
- Knowledge and Practices Related to Salt Intake among Saudi Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Article
- Hypertension-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors among Community-Dwellers at Risk for High Blood Pressure in Shanghai, China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of the current review was to examine the scope of studies published in the Science of Salt Weekly that contained a measure of self-reported knowledge, attitudes, and behavior (KAB) concerning salt. Specific objectives were to examine how KAB measures are used to evaluate salt reduction intervention studies, the questionnaires used, and whether any gender differences exist in self-reported KAB. Studies were reviewed from the commencement of Science of Salt Weekly, June 2013 to the end of August 2017. Seventy-five studies had relevant measures of KAB and were included in this review, 13 of these were salt-reduction intervention-evaluation studies, with the remainder (62) being descriptive KAB studies. The KAB questionnaires used were specific to the populations studied, without evidence of a best practice measure. 40% of studies used KAB alone as the primary outcome measure; the remaining studies used more quantitative measures of salt intake such as 24-hour urine. Only half of the descriptive studies showed KAB outcomes disaggregated by gender, and of those, 73% showed women had more favorable KAB related to salt. None of the salt intervention-evaluation studies showed disaggregated KAB data. Therefore, it is likely important that evaluation studies disaggregate, and are appropriately powered to disaggregate all outcomes by gender to address potential disparities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.