ReviewSurgical neurology international2018
Immunoexcitotoxicity as the central mechanism of etiopathology and treatment of autism spectrum disorders: A possible role of fluoride and aluminum.
Review in Surgical neurology international, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploratory evaluation of the neuroprotective potential of Alfalfa in an AlCl₃-induced autism-like zebrafish model.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Viral transformation of stem cells into cancer stem cells and tumor enhancement by immunoexcito-oncomodulation: Accumulating evidence that most cancers are virally induced and further altered to increase their aggressiveness.Surgical neurology international · 2026Article
- Brain-Targeted Reactive Oxygen Species in Hypertension: Unveiling Subcellular Dynamics, Immune Cross-Talk, and Novel Therapeutic Pathways.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Immunoexcitoxicity as the possible major pathophysiology behind multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune disorders.Surgical neurology international · 2025Article
- Reversal of Autism Symptoms among Dizygotic Twins through a Personalized Lifestyle and Environmental Modification Approach: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Additive aluminum as a cause of induced immunoexcitoxicity resulting in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders: A biochemical, pathophysiological, and pharmacological analysis.Surgical neurology international · 2024Article
- Progress in research on the role of fluoride in immune damage.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Taurine as a potential therapeutic agent interacting with multiple signaling pathways implicated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD): An in-silico analysis.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2023Article
- Neuroprotective Potentials of Flavonoids: Experimental Studies and Mechanisms of Action.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Autism Spectrum Disorder: Focus on Glutamatergic Neurotransmission.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- A molecular framework for autistic experiences: Mitochondrial allostatic load as a mediator between autism and psychopathology.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Glutamate receptors in brain development.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2021Review
- Chemical Aspects of Human and Environmental Overload with Fluorine.Chemical reviews · 2021Review
- Cell Therapy Targets for Autism Spectrum Disorders: Hopes, Challenges and Future Directions.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Article
- New concepts in the development of schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, and degenerative brain diseases based on chronic inflammation: A working hypothesis from continued advances in neuroscience research.Surgical neurology international · 2021Review
- Toxic Environmental Factors and their Association with the Development of Dementia: a Mini Review on Heavy Metals and Ambient Particulate Matter.Materia socio-medica · 2020Review
- Chronic Fluoride Exposure and the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Review
- Erratum: Immunoexcitotoxicity as the central mechanism of etiopathology and treatment of autism spectrum disorders: A possible role of fluoride and aluminum.Surgical neurology international · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Our review suggests that most autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk factors are connected, either directly or indirectly, to immunoexcitotoxicity. Chronic brain inflammation is known to enhance the sensitivity of glutamate receptors and interfere with glutamate removal from the extraneuronal space, where it can trigger excitotoxicity over a prolonged period. Neuroscience studies have clearly shown that sequential systemic immune stimulation can activate the brain's immune system, microglia, and astrocytes, and that with initial immune stimulation, there occurs CNS microglial priming. Children are exposed to such sequential immune stimulation via a growing number of environmental excitotoxins, vaccines, and persistent viral infections. We demonstrate that fluoride and aluminum (Al
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.