Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29721019›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of endocrinology2018

Establishing Differences in Thermographic Patterns between the Various Complications in Diabetic Foot Disease.

Alfred Gatt, Owen Falzon, Kevin Cassar, Christian Ellul, Kenneth P Camilleri, Jean Gauci, Stephen Mizzi, Anabelle Mizzi, Cassandra Sturgeon, Liberato Camilleri and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of endocrinology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Infrared Thermography and Vascular Disorders in Diabetic Feet.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2020
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Alfred GattFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.ORCID 0000-0002-0489-6479
Owen FalzonCentre for Biomedical Cybernetics, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.ORCID 0000-0002-3680-3089
Kevin CassarFaculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
Christian EllulFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
Kenneth P CamilleriCentre for Biomedical Cybernetics, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.ORCID 0000-0003-0436-6408
Jean GauciCentre for Biomedical Cybernetics, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
Stephen MizziFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.ORCID 0000-0002-9767-7266
Anabelle MizziFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
Cassandra SturgeonFaculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
Liberato CamilleriDepartment of Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
Nachiappan ChockalingamFaculty of Health Science, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7072-1271
Cynthia FormosaFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.ORCID 0000-0002-4251-1621
University of Malta · MTUniversity of Staffordshire · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo evaluate the potential of thermography as an assessment tool for the detection of foot complications by understanding the variations in temperature that occur in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

methodsParticipants were categorized according to a medical examination, ankle brachial index, doppler waveform analysis, and 10-gram monofilament testing into five groups: healthy adult, DM with no complications, DM with peripheral neuropathy, DM with neuroischaemia, and DM with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) groups. Thermographic imaging of the toes and forefeet was performed.

results43 neuroischaemic feet, 41 neuropathic feet, 58 PAD feet, 21 DM feet without complications, and 126 healthy feet were analyzed. The temperatures of the feet and toes were significantly higher in the complications group when compared to the healthy adult and DM healthy groups. The higher the temperatures of the foot in DM, the higher the probability that it is affected by neuropathy, neuroischaemia, or PAD.

conclusionsSignificant differences in mean temperatures exist between participants who were healthy and those with DM with no known complications when compared to participants with neuroischaemia, neuropathy, or PAD. As foot temperature rises, so does the probability of the presence of complications of neuropathy, neuroischaemia, or peripheral arterial disease.

Identifiers

PMID29721019
PMCPMC5867599
OpenAlexW2793623487

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.