ReviewOncotarget2018
Molecular mechanism of bystander effects and related abscopal/cohort effects in cancer therapy.
Review in Oncotarget, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unexpected Therapeutic Implications: The Abscopal Effect in the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Cancers · 2026Review
- Reprimo (RPRM): A Tumor Suppressor That Induces Extrinsic Apoptosis via YAP Signaling.Cancer science · 2025Review
- Review
- Nanoparticle-mediated magnetic hyperthermia in the treatment of neurological disorders.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Review
- Systematic Targeting of GD2-Positive Neuroblastoma Tumors With a Photooncolytic Phage Nanovector Platform.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Theranostic Gold Nanoparticles Encapsulated in a PEGylated Liposome as an Effective Radiosensitizer for Cancer Radiation Therapy.ACS applied bio materials · 2025Article
- Quantification of traceScientific reports · 2025Article
- New Approaches in Radiotherapy.Cancers · 2025Review
- Targeting DNA Damage Repair to Enhance Antitumor Immunity in Radiotherapy: Mechanisms and Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Extrinsic induction of apoptosis and tumor suppression via the p53-Reprimo-Hippo-YAP/TAZ-p73 pathway.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Deep learning-based synthetic CT for dosimetric monitoring of combined conventional radiotherapy and lattice boost in large lung tumors.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Fundamental and Practical Perspectives in Regenerative Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- A Comprehensive Revision of Radiation Immunotherapy and the Abscopal Effect in Central Nervous System Metastases: Reassessing the Frontier.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Abscopal effect in maxillary sinus cancer: Insights from two case reports and a literature review.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Review
- Genotoxicity of cytokines at chemotherapy-induced 'storm' concentrations in a model of the human bone marrow.Mutagenesis · 2023Article
- Stress Management in Plants: Examining Provisional and Unique Dose-Dependent Responses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Salvage LATTICE radiotherapy for a growing tumour despite conventional radio chemotherapy treatment of lung cancer.Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2023Article
- Ionizing radiation-induced cancer: perplexities of the bystander effect.Ecancermedicalscience · 2023Review
- The use of nanomaterials in advancing photodynamic therapy (PDT) for deep-seated tumors and synergy with radiotherapy.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Application of Advanced Non-Linear Spectral Decomposition and Regression Methods for Spectroscopic Analysis of Targeted and Non-Targeted Irradiation Effects in anInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cancer cells subjected to ionizing radiation may release signals which can influence nearby non-irradiated cells, termed bystander effects. The transmission of bystander effects among cancer cells involves the activation of inflammatory cytokines, death ligands, and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. In addition to bystander effects, two other forms of non-target effects (NTEs) have been identified in radiotherapy, as one is called cohort effects and the other is called abscopal effects. Cohort effects represent the phenomenon where irradiated cells can produce signals that reduce the survival of neighboring cells within an irradiated volume. The effects suggest the importance of cellular communication under irradiation with non-uniform dose distribution. In contrast, abscopal effects describe the NTEs that typically occur in non-irradiated cells distant from an irradiated target. These effects can be mediated primarily by immune cells such as T cells. Clinical trials have shown that application of radiation along with immunotherapy may enhance abscopal effects and improve therapeutic efficacy on non-target lesions outside an irradiated field. According to NTEs, cell viability is reduced not only by direct irradiation effects, but also due to signals emitted from nearby irradiated cells. A clinical consideration of NTEs could have a revolutionary impact on current radiotherapy via the establishment of more efficient and less toxic radiobiological models for treatment planning compared to conventional models. Thus, we will review the most updated findings about these effects and outline their mechanisms and potential applications in cancer treatment with a special focus on the brain, lung, and breast cancers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.