ArticleActa crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology2018
Density and electron density of aqueous cryoprotectant solutions at cryogenic temperatures for optimized cryoprotection and diffraction contrast.
Article in Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Conformations of membrane human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) envelope glycoproteins solubilized in Amphipol A18 lipid-nanodiscs.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Ice formation and its elimination in cryopreservation of oocytes.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Ice formation and its elimination in cryopreservation of oocytes.Research square · 2024Article
- Cryopreservation and revival of Hawaiian stony corals using isochoric vitrification.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Determining biomolecular structures near room temperature using X-ray crystallography: concepts, methods and future optimization.Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology · 2023Article
- The FUSION protein crystallization screen.Journal of applied crystallography · 2022Article
- Article
- Understanding the invisible hands of sample preparation for cryo-EM.Nature methods · 2021Review
- Article
- Solvent flows, conformation changes and lattice reordering in a cold protein crystal.Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology · 2019Article
- A comparison of gas stream cooling and plunge cooling of macromolecular crystals.Journal of applied crystallography · 2019Article
- Article
- The phenylketonuria-associated substitution R68S converts phenylalanine hydroxylase to a constitutively active enzyme but reduces its stability.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The glass-phase densities at T = 77 K of aqueous solutions of the common cryoprotective agents (CPAs) methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, glycerol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol (MPD), ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 200 and polypropylene glycol 425 were measured as a function of CPA concentration. Individual drops with volumes as small as ∼65 pl were rapidly cooled to achieve the glass phase, and their densities at T = 77 K were determined by cryoflotation. These densities were used to determine the glass-phase electron density of each solution and its volume thermal contraction between room temperature and 77 K. When combined with data for the critical cooling rates required to achieve the glass phase versus CPA concentration, these yield alternative measures of cryoprotectant effectiveness. These reference data will aid in minimizing sample stresses and mechanical damage in cryocrystallography, in cryogenic temperature X-ray imaging and in vitrification-based cryopreservation protocols, and in maximizing electron-density contrast between cryoprotectant solutions and biomolecules in cryogenic temperature small-angle X-ray scattering experiments and cryo-electron microscopy.
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