ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2018
Predicting Mortality in African Americans With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor, Coronary Artery Calcium, and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Increased soluble urokinase plasminogen activator levels modulate monocyte function to promote atherosclerosis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2022Pooled it
- suPAR Identifies Treatment-Resistant Inflammatory Risk Beyond hs-CRP in Type 2 Diabetes With Coronary Artery Disease: An Ancillary Analysis of BARI 2D.Diabetes care · 2026Trial
- Inflammatory Markers and Measures of Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy in Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Trial
- Evaluation of Serum Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) Levels in Different Metabolic Obesity Phenotypes and Their Association with Inflammatory Cytokines: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Sotagliflozin, suPAR, and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes and Heart Failure: A SOLOIST-WHF Ancillary Study.Journal of cardiac failure · 2026Observational
- Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) Mediates the Impact of Diabetes on Adverse Outcomes in Coronary Artery Disease.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- Association of Circulating GDF-15 with Fetal Growth in Gestational Diabetes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a nomogram of all-cause mortality in adult Americans with diabetes.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- High Glucose Increases Lactate and Induces the Transforming Growth Factor Beta-Smad 1/5 Atherogenic Pathway in Primary Human Macrophages.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Racial Discrimination and Metabolic Syndrome in Young Black Adults.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Role of Soluble Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor in Cardiovascular Disease.Current cardiology reports · 2023Review
- Risk Estimation of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the First Trimester.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- Soluble Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) Is a Biomarker Associated with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in the Elderly, Specifically in Women.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) in the Emergency Department (Ed): A Tool for the Assessment of Elderly Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Inflammation, Hyperglycemia, and Adverse Outcomes in Individuals With Diabetes Mellitus Hospitalized for COVID-19.Diabetes care · 2022Observational
- Utilization of Prognostic Biomarker Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor in the Emergency Department: A Tool for Safe and More Efficient Decision-making.Biomarker insights · 2022Article
- suPAR cut-offs for stratification of low, medium, and high-risk acute medical patients in the emergency department.BMC emergency medicine · 2021Observational
- Soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor predicts peripheral artery disease severity and outcomes.Vascular medicine (London, England) · 2021Article
- Soluble Urokinase Receptor and Mortality in Kidney Transplant Recipients.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2021Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease; however, outcomes in individual patients vary. Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a bone marrow-derived signaling molecule associated with adverse cardiovascular and renal outcomes in many populations. We characterized the determinants of suPAR in African Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus and assessed whether levels were useful for predicting mortality beyond clinical characteristics, coronary artery calcium (CAC), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). METHODS AND
resultsWe measured plasma suPAR levels in 500 African Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus enrolled in the African American-Diabetes Heart Study. We used Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for clinical characteristics, CAC, and hs-CRP to examine the association between suPAR and all-cause mortality. Last, we report the change in C-statistics comparing the additive values of suPAR, hs-CRP, and CAC to clinical models for prediction of mortality. The suPAR levels were independently associated with female sex, smoking, insulin use, decreased kidney function, albuminuria, and CAC. After a median 6.8-year follow-up, a total of 68 deaths (13.6%) were recorded. In a model incorporating suPAR, CAC, and hs-CRP, only suPAR was significantly associated with mortality (hazard ratio 2.66, 95% confidence interval 1.63-4.34). Addition of suPAR to a baseline clinical model significantly improved the C-statistic for all-cause death (Δ0.05, 95% confidence interval 0.01-0.10), whereas addition of CAC or hs-CRP did not.
conclusionsIn African Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus, suPAR was strongly associated with mortality and improved risk discrimination metrics beyond traditional risk factors, CAC and hs-CRP. Studies addressing the clinical usefulness of measuring suPAR concentrations are warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.