ArticleBMC public health2018
Sound pressure levels generated at risk volume steps of portable listening devices: types of smartphone and genres of music.
Article in BMC public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06952283 (Effects of Music Intervention on Golf-Specific Skill Performance of Chinese Golfers Under Mental Fatigue), which is not on this map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Music Intervention on Golf-Specific Skill Performance of Chinese Golfers Under Mental Fatigue
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of Sound Preference on Loudness Tolerance and Preferred Listening Levels Using Personal Listening Devices.Audiology research · 2025Article
- Article
- Examining the Profile of Noise-Induced Cochlear Synaptopathy Using iPhone Health App Data and Cochlear and Brainstem Electrophysiological Responses to Fast Clicks Rates.Seminars in hearing · 2022Review
- Objective Measurement of Listening Device Use and Its Relation to Hearing Acuity.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2022Article
- Analysis of the Actual One-Month Usage of Portable Listening Devices in College Students.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Development and Pilot Testing of Smartphone-Based Hearing Test Application.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Use of Personal Listening Devices and Knowledge/Attitude for Greater Hearing Conservation in College Students: Data Analysis and Regression Model Based on 1009 Respondents.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Article
- From sound waves to molecular and cellular mechanisms: Understanding noise‑induced hearing loss and pioneering preventive approaches (Review).Medicine internationalReview
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe present study estimated the sound pressure levels of various music genres at the volume steps that contemporary smartphones deliver, because these levels put the listener at potential risk for hearing loss.
methodsUsing six different smartphones (Galaxy S6, Galaxy Note 3, iPhone 5S, iPhone 6, LG G2, and LG G3), the sound pressure levels for three genres of K-pop music (dance-pop, hip-hop, and pop-ballad) and a Billboard pop chart of assorted genres were measured through an earbud for the first risk volume that was at the risk sign proposed by the smartphones, as well as consecutive higher volumes using a sound level meter and artificial mastoid.
resultsThe first risk volume step of the Galaxy S6 and the LG G2, among the six smartphones, had the significantly lowest (84.1 dBA) and highest output levels (92.4 dBA), respectively. As the volume step increased, so did the sound pressure levels. The iPhone 6 was loudest (113.1 dBA) at the maximum volume step. Of the music genres, dance-pop showed the highest output level (91.1 dBA) for all smartphones. Within the frequency range of 20~ 20,000 Hz, the sound pressure level peaked at 2000 Hz for all the smartphones.
conclusionsThe results showed that the sound pressure levels of either the first volume step or the maximum volume step were not the same for the different smartphone models and genres of music, which means that the risk volume sign and its output levels should be unified across the devices for their users. In addition, the risk volume steps proposed by the latest smartphone models are high enough to cause noise-induced hearing loss if their users habitually listen to music at those levels.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.