ReviewNucleic acid therapeutics2018
Intracellular Trafficking and Endosomal Release of Oligonucleotides: What We Know and What We Don't.
Review in Nucleic acid therapeutics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion of US Food and Drug Administration-Approved Antisense Oligonucleotide Drugs.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2022Pooled it
- Aptamer-Based Heterobifunctional Targeted Degraders in Disease Treatment.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- ESCRT-I complex enhances therapeutic efficacy of ASO drugs by regulating endosomal escape and glucose homeostasis.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- A Dual-Halogen Labeling Strategy to Detect and Quantify Double-Stranded RNAs Using NanoSIMS: A Proof-of-Concept Study.ACS omega · 2026Article
- The Versatile Applications of Antisense Oligonucleotides in Modern Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The efficacy of oligonucleotide-based gene therapeutics in gene silencing.Theranostics · 2026Review
- An unbiased whole-genome open reading frame overexpression screen identifies B3GALT2, a novel inducer of cellular ASO activity.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- AntimiR uptake by human proximal tubule epithelial cells is predominantly by macropinocytosis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A CRISPR/Cas9 screen reveals proteins at the endosome-Golgi interface that modulate cellular anti-sense oligonucleotide activity.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Nucleic Acid Conjugates: Unlocking Therapeutic Potential.ACS bio & med chem Au · 2025Review
- Nanobody-Oligonucleotide Conjugates (NucleoBodies): The Next Frontier in Oligonucleotide Therapy.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Review
- Regulation of TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) homeostasis by cytosolic DNA accumulation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2024Article
- The bench to bedside journey of tricyclo-DNA antisense oligonucleotides for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Comparing Cell Penetration of Biotherapeutics across Human Cell Lines.ACS chemical biology · 2024Article
- Myogenic Anti-Nucleolin Aptamer iSN04 Inhibits Proliferation and Promotes Differentiation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Article
- Development of the 12-Base Short Dimeric Myogenetic Oligodeoxynucleotide That Induces Myogenic Differentiation.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2024Article
- Between hope and reality: treatment of genetic diseases through nucleic acid-based drugs.Communications biology · 2024Review
- Heterochiral modifications enhance robustness and function of DNA in living human cells.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2024Article
- Peptide-conjugated antimiRs improve myotonic dystrophy type 1 phenotypes by promoting endogenous MBNL1 expression.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2023Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Understanding the cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of oligonucleotides provides an important basic underpinning for the developing field of oligonucleotide-based therapeutics. Whether delivered as "free" oligonucleotides, as ligand-oligonucleotide conjugates, or in association with various nanocarriers, all forms of oligonucleotide enter cells by endocytosis and are initially ensconced within membrane-limited vesicles. Accordingly, the locus and extent of release to the cytosol and nucleus are key determinants of the pharmacological actions of oligonucleotides. A number of recent studies have explored the intracellular trafficking of various forms of oligonucleotides and their release from endomembrane compartments. These studies reveal a surprising convergence on an early-intermediate compartment in the trafficking pathway as the key locus of release for oligonucleotides administered in "free" form as well as those delivered with lipid complexes. Thus, oligonucleotide release from multivesicular bodies or from late endosomes seems to be the crucial endogenous process for attaining pharmacological effects. This intrinsic process of oligonucleotide release may be amplified by delivery agents such as lipid complexes or small molecule enhancers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.