ArticleFrontiers in immunology2018
Macrophage-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Induce Long-Lasting Immunity Against Hepatitis C Virus Which Is Blunted by Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nutritional perspectives for the prevention and mitigation of COVID-19.Nutrition reviews · 2021Pooled it
- A Rapid Advice Guideline for the Prevention of Novel Coronavirus Through Nutritional Intervention.Current nutrition reports · 2020Guideline
- Potential interventions for novel coronavirus in China: A systematic review.Journal of medical virology · 2020Pooled it
- A prospective observational study of lifestyle behaviors and biomarkers to promote cardiometabolic health in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Article
- Characterization of Circulating Vesicles of Complicated and Uncomplicated Systemic Sclerosis Patients and Their Role in Vascular Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles of patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure induce mitochondrial dysfunction in T cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Novel insights into the role of immunomodulatory extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis.Biomarker research · 2024Review
- Dietary patterns and micronutrients in respiratory infections including COVID-19: a narrative review.BMC public health · 2024Review
- Extracellular Vesicles inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Prokaryotic microvesicles Ortholog of eukaryotic extracellular vesicles in biomedical fields.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Circulating Extracellular Vesicles in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients: Characterization and Cellular Effects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Extracellular Vesicles as a Translational Approach for the Treatment of COVID-19 Disease: An Updated Overview.Viruses · 2023Review
- Increased extracellular vesicles (EVs) related to T cell-mediated inflammation and vascular function in familial hypercholesterolemia.Atherosclerosis plus · 2023Article
- Plasma Pattern of Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from Hepatitis C Virus Patients and Their Effects on Human Vascular Endothelial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Cellular nanovesicles for therapeutic immunomodulation: A perspective on engineering strategies and new advances.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2023Review
- Comparison of different methods for isolating CD8Journal of extracellular biology · 2023Article
- Macrophage cell membrane-based nanoparticles: a new promising biomimetic platform for targeted delivery and treatment.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Review
- Antiviral Potential of Plants against COVID-19 during Outbreaks-An Update.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Review
- Recent progress of macrophage vesicle-based drug delivery systems.Drug delivery and translational research · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly recognized as important mediators of intercellular communication. In this study, we aimed to further characterize the role of macrophage-derived EVs in immune responses against hepatitis C virus (HCV) and the potential of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to modulate this modality of innate immunity. To this end, EVs were isolated from interferon-stimulated macrophage cultures or from serum of patients with acute or chronic hepatitis C. EVs were characterized by electron microscopy, flow cytometry, RNA-sequencing, and Western blot analysis. The effect of EVs on replication of HCV was assessed in coculture models. Functional analyses were performed to assess the impact of PUFAs on EV-mediated antiviral immunity. We found that macrophages secreted various cytokines shortly after stimulation with type I and II IFN, which orchestrated a fast but short-lasting antiviral state. This rapid innate immune answer was followed by the production of macrophage-derived EVs, which induced a late, but long-lasting inhibitory effect on HCV replication. Of note, exposure of macrophages to PUFAs, which are important regulators of immune responses, dampened EV-mediated antiviral immune responses. Finally, EVs from patients with hepatitis C exhibited long-lasting antiviral activities during IFN therapy as well. The antiviral effect of EVs from Caucasian and Japanese patients differed, which may be explained by different nutritional uptake of PUFAs. In conclusion, our data indicate that macrophage-derived EVs mediate long-lasting inhibitory effects on HCV replication, which may bridge the time until efficient adaptive immune responses are established, and which can be blunted by PUFAs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.