Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29705957›Full record

ReviewApplied microbiology and biotechnology2018

The mechanisms of granulation of activated sludge in wastewater treatment, its optimization, and impact on effluent quality.

Britt-Marie Wilén, Raquel Liébana, Frank Persson, Oskar Modin, Malte Hermansson

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  3. Biotechnology revival:Frontiers in microbiology · 2025
    Review
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  18. The impacts of calcium oxide nanoparticles on the anaerobic granule formation: COEnvironmental science and pollution research international · 2021
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Britt-Marie WilénDivision of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden. britt-marie.wilen@chalmers.se.
Raquel LiébanaDivision of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Frank PerssonDivision of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Oskar ModinDivision of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Malte HermanssonDepartment of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Funding

Formas, The Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning 245-2013-627
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Granular activated sludge has gained increasing interest due to its potential in treating wastewater in a compact and efficient way. It is well-established that activated sludge can form granules under certain environmental conditions such as batch-wise operation with feast-famine feeding, high hydrodynamic shear forces, and short settling time which select for dense microbial aggregates. Aerobic granules with stable structure and functionality have been obtained with a range of different wastewaters seeded with different sources of sludge at different operational conditions, but the microbial communities developed differed substantially. In spite of this, granule instability occurs. In this review, the available literature on the mechanisms involved in granulation and how it affects the effluent quality is assessed with special attention given to the microbial interactions involved. To be able to optimize the process further, more knowledge is needed regarding the influence of microbial communities and their metabolism on granule stability and functionality. Studies performed at conditions similar to full-scale such as fluctuation in organic loading rate, hydrodynamic conditions, temperature, incoming particles, and feed water microorganisms need further investigations.

Indexed as

AerobiosisBioreactorsSewageTemperatureWaste Disposal, FluidWater MicrobiologyWater PurificationSewageAerobic granular sludgeGranulation mechanismsGranule stabilityMicrobial community compositionProcess performanceWash-out dynamics

Identifiers

PMID29705957
PMCPMC5960003

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.