SynthesisBMC cancer2018
Comparison between intravenous chemotherapy and intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC cancer, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Management of Retinoblastoma: A Challenge in Pediatric Ophthalmology.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- High-throughput screening of drug libraries identifies a new synergistic drug combination for the treatment of retinoblastoma.PloS one · 2026Article
- Intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma: a structured narrative review.World journal of pediatric surgery · 2026Review
- Outcomes and adverse events following intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma: A single center study in South India.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2025Article
- Article
- RB-Care: An Artificial Intelligence System for Automatic Quantitative Assessment and Surveillance of Retinoblastoma.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Retinoblastoma: An update on genetic origin, classification, conventional to next-generation treatment strategies.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Angiographic characteristics and treatment approach in patients undergoing intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2024Article
- The Evolving Role of Intra-arterial Chemotherapy in Adult and Pediatric Cancers: A Comprehensive Review.Cureus · 2023Review
- Automatic retinoblastoma screening and surveillance using deep learning.British journal of cancer · 2023Article
- Current Indications for Intraarterial Chemotherapy in Neurointerventional Surgery.Stroke (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Review
- Ocular survival after intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma improves with accrual of experience and programmatic evolution.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2023Article
- Outcome of salvage intra-arterial chemotherapy for recurrent retinoblastoma.Eye (London, England) · 2022Article
- Survival outcomes of unilateral retinoblastoma based on pathological risk stratification-experience at a tertiary care centre in Pakistan.Ecancermedicalscience · 2022Article
- Spotlight on Targeted Chemotherapy in Retinoblastoma: Safety, Efficacy, and Patient Outcomes.OncoTargets and therapy · 2022Review
- Retinoblastoma presenting as pseudohypopyon and preserved visual acuity.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2021Article
- Recent advancements in the management of retinoblastoma and uveal melanoma.Faculty reviews · 2021Review
- Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization improves clinical efficacy and life quality of patients with lung cancer and reduces adverse reactions.American journal of translational research · 2021Article
- Management and Outcomes of Unilateral Group D Tumors in Retinoblastoma.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Article
- Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy: New Hope for Adult Retinoblastoma Treatment-A Case Report and Brief Review.Case reports in ophthalmological medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIntravenous chemotherapy (IVC) and intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) have become the primary treatments for retinoblastoma; however, some controversy remains over which method is more effective. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare the clinical efficacy of IVC and IAC.
methodsWe systematically searched literature published on PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to May 2017. Studies containing either IAC or IVC that reported on efficacy were included. The effects estimate was expressed as a pooled rate with 95% confidence interval (CI), using a fixed-effects or random-effects model.
resultsTwenty-six studies were identified which included 1541 eyes (IAC: 11 trials, 445 eyes; IVC: 16 trials, 1096 eyes). The mean follow-up times were 49.4 months (range, 13.0-105.3 months) for IVC and 21.7 months (range, 8.8-38.7 months) for IAC. For the International Classification of Intraocular Retinoblastoma (ICRB) grading, the overall success rate was higher with IAC than with IVC (75.7% [95%CI: 65.7%-83.6%] vs. 69.5% [95%CI: 51.9%-82.8%], P < 0.001). The globe salvage with IAC was higher than with IVC in group D eyes (79.5% [95%CI: 71.8%-85.4%] vs. 55.1% [95%CI: 45.6%-64.2%], P < 0.001), but not in groups B (95.8% [95%CI: 57.5%-99.7%] vs. 82.5% [95%CI: 58.9%-94.0%], P = 0.163), C (91.3% [95%CI: 65.9%-98.3%] vs. 89.0% [95%CI: 69.0%-96.7%], P = 0.212), and E eyes (51.2% [95%CI: 37.0%-65.2%] vs. 43.2% [95%CI: 18.3%-72.1%], P = 0.578). IAC and IVC were not significantly different regarding the recurrence and metastasis rates (15.0% vs. 15.4%, P = 0.148 and 2.7% vs. 0.6%, P = 0.194, respectively). For Reese-Ellsworth (RE) grading, IAC had a higher globe salvage in groups IV (90.9% [95%CI: 56.0%-98.7%] vs. 66.3% [95%CI: 32.4%-89.0%], P = 0.047) and V eyes (83.2% [95%CI: 72.0%-90.5%] vs. 59.9% [95%CI: 43.1%-74.6%], P = 0.003), but not in group I-III eyes (88.6% [95%CI: 58.3%-97.7%] vs. 88.1% [95%CI: 76.6%-94.4%], P = 0.244). The overall success rate was higher in IAC than in IVC (87.1% [95%CI: 78.1%-92.7%] vs. 77.3% [95%CI: 68.1%-84.4%], P = 0.033).
conclusionsIAC may be superior to IVC for the treatment of retinoblastoma, with a higher overall success rate and higher globe salvage in group D or groups IV and V eyes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.