ReviewSchizophrenia bulletin2018
The Emerging Immunogenetic Architecture of Schizophrenia.
Review in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrative Multi-Omics Mendelian Randomization Reveals Oxidative Stress Mechanisms in Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, and Schizophrenia.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- B cell pathways implicate shared genetic architecture between schizophrenia and immune-mediated diseases.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Nucleus Accumbens Proteome Disbalance in an Adolescent Mouse Model of Schizophrenia and Nicotine Misuse Comorbidity.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Identification of Immune-Related Biomarkers of Schizophrenia in the Central Nervous System Using Bioinformatic Methods and Machine Learning Algorithms.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Limited evidence of association between dysregulated immune marker levels and telomere length in severe mental disorders.Acta neuropsychiatrica · 2025Article
- Candidate Genetic Markers of Schizophrenia Based on Exome Sequencing Data and Its Relation to Immunological, Clinical, and Morphometric Changes in the Russian Population.Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine · 2025Article
- Causality between autoimmune diseases and schizophrenia: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Expression pattern of long non-coding RNAs in treatment-naïve and medicated schizophrenia patients.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Modeling common and rare genetic risk factors of neuropsychiatric disorders in human induced pluripotent stem cells.Schizophrenia research · 2024Review
- A population-based study of familial coaggregation and shared genetic etiology of psychiatric and gastrointestinal disorders.Communications medicine · 2024Article
- Immunophenotypes in psychosis: is it a premature inflamm-aging disorder?Molecular psychiatry · 2024Review
- Multimorbidity in Severe Mental Illness as Part of the Neurodevelopmental Continuum: Physical Health-Related Endophenotypes of Schizophrenia-A Narrative Review.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Immune response to vaccination in people with psychotic disorders relative to healthy controls: prospective study of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.BJPsych open · 2024Article
- Genetic risk for hospitalization of African American patients with severe mental illness reveals HLA loci.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Association between psychiatric symptoms with multiple peripheral blood sample test: a 10-year retrospective study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Isoform-level transcriptome-wide association uncovers genetic risk mechanisms for neuropsychiatric disorders in the human brain.Nature genetics · 2023Article
- Molecular Mechanisms Provide a Landscape for Biomarker Selection for Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Psychosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Multitissue H3K27ac profiling of GTEx samples links epigenomic variation to disease.Nature genetics · 2023Article
- Shared Genetic Loci Between Schizophrenia and White Blood Cell Counts Suggest Genetically Determined Systemic Immune Abnormalities.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Article
- CSF1R regulates schizophrenia-related stress response and vascular association of microglia/macrophages.BMC medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder of complex etiology. Immune processes have long been proposed to contribute to the development of schizophrenia, and accumulating evidence supports immune involvement in at least a subset of cases. In recent years, large-scale genetic studies have provided new insights into the role of the immune system in this disease. Here, we provide an overview of the immunogenetic architecture of schizophrenia based on findings from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). First, we review individual immune loci identified in secondary analyses of GWAS, which implicate over 30 genes expressed in both immune and brain cells. The function of the proteins encoded by these immune candidates highlight the role of the complement system, along with regulation of apoptosis in both immune and neuronal cells. Next, we review hypothesis-free pathway analyses which have so far been inconclusive with respect to identifying immune pathways involved in schizophrenia. Finally, we explore the genetic overlap between schizophrenia and immune-mediated diseases. Although there have been some inconsistencies across studies, genome-wide pleiotropy has been reported between schizophrenia and Crohn's disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes, and ulcerative colitis. Overall, there are multiple lines of evidence supporting the role of immune genes in schizophrenia. Current evidence suggests that specific immune pathways are involved-likely those with dual functions in the central nervous system. Future studies focused on further elucidating the relevant pathways hold the potential to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for schizophrenia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.