ArticleBMC psychiatry2018
Associations between degree and sub-dimensions of depression and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the community: results from the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS).
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comments on "association between depression and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a cross-sectional analysis from the Paracelsus 10,000 study".Hepatology international · 2026Article
- Physical Activity, Metabolic Risk and the Primary Allostatic Load Mediators: An Explorative Study.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Does Mental Distress Predict Cardiac Surgical Outcome?The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon · 2025Article
- Tryptophan catabolites and depression in the general population: results from the Gutenberg Health Study.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Article
- Frequency of metabolic syndrome and associated factors in institutionalized elderly individuals.Clinical interventions in aging · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA growing number of studies have associated metabolic syndrome (MetS) and depression, both retrospectively and prospectively. However, it has remained unclear, which degrees, or sub-dimensions of depression are related to MetS and if comorbid depression affects health care utilization. The purpose of the study was to determine the associations of a) somatic and cognitive-affective symptoms to MetS and b) depression and MetS to health care utilization.
methodsIn a population-based, representative survey of 14.499 participants we studied the associations of the two dimensions of depression with MetS and health care utilization. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).
resultsMetS and its components were associated with the degree of depression, particularly with moderately severe/ severe depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 > = 15). There were clear positive associations of somatic-affective depressive symptoms with the presence of MetS and its components. Cognitive-affective symptoms were negatively associated with MetS. At the single item level, disorders of sleep and appetite as well as exhaustion were positively, while trouble concentrating was negatively associated with MetS. Symptoms of depression were related to higher consultations of somatic and mental health care, while the presence of MetS was related to somatic health care utilization. There was an additional interaction of depressive symptoms and MetS with mental health care.
conclusionsSomatic affective symptoms of depression are positively associated, while cognitive-affective symptoms are negatively associated with MetS.
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