Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29697595›Full record

Trial reportJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2018

HIV Self-Testing Increases HIV Testing Frequency in High-Risk Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

David A Katz, Matthew R Golden, James P Hughes, Carey Farquhar, Joanne D Stekler

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
100citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

100 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analyses to Assess the Effectiveness of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Self-testing Distribution Strategies.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021
    Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Trial
  11. Trial
  12. Trial
  13. Trial
  14. Trial
  15. Trial
  16. Trial
  17. Trial
  18. Trial
  19. Trial
  20. Trial

40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

David A KatzDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Matthew R GoldenDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
James P HughesBiostatistics, and.
Carey FarquharDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Joanne D SteklerDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.

Funding

University of Washington/Fred Hutch Center for AIDS ResearchP30AI027757 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI EDWIN ROBERTO ORELLANA · 1988 to 2026
$104.9M
Comparisons of Public Health Screening Methods for Acute and Early HIV InfectionR01MH086360 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI STEKLER, JOANNE DONNA · 2009 to 2013
$2.5M
Mathematical models to inform effective home-use HIV testing strategies for MSMR21HD080523 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA · PI CASSELS, SUSAN LYNN · 2015 to 2016
$433k
NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI027757NICHD NIH HHS R21 HD080523NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH086360
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSelf-testing may increase HIV testing and decrease the time people with HIV are unaware of their status, but there is concern that absence of counseling may result in increased HIV risk.

settingSeattle, Washington.

methodsWe randomly assigned 230 high-risk HIV-negative men who have sex with men to have access to oral fluid HIV self-tests at no cost versus testing as usual for 15 months. The primary outcome was self-reported number of HIV tests during follow-up. To evaluate self-testing's impact on sexual behavior, we compared the following between arms: non-HIV-concordant condomless anal intercourse and number of male condomless anal intercourse partners in the last 3 months (measured at 9 and 15 months) and diagnosis with a bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI: early syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydial infection) at the final study visit (15 months). A post hoc analysis compared the number of STI tests reported during follow-up.

resultsMen randomized to self-testing reported significantly more HIV tests during follow-up (mean = 5.3, 95% confidence interval = 4.7 to 6.0) than those randomized to testing as usual (3.6, 3.2 to 4.0; P < 0.0001), representing an average increase of 1.7 tests per participant over 15 months. Men randomized to self-testing reported using an average of 3.9 self-tests. Self-testing was noninferior with respect to all markers of HIV risk. Men in the self-testing arm reported significantly fewer STI tests during follow-up (mean = 2.3, 95% confidence interval = 1.9 to 2.7) than men in the control arm (3.2, 2.8 to 3.6; P = 0.0038).

conclusionsAccess to free HIV self-testing increased testing frequency among high-risk men who have sex with men and did not impact sexual behavior or STI acquisition.

Indexed as

AIDS SerodiagnosisHomosexuality, MaleRisk-TakingSelf CareHIVHumansMaleSaliva

Identifiers

PMID29697595
PMCPMC6037557

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.