ArticlePloS one2018
BA9 lineage of respiratory syncytial virus from across the globe and its evolutionary dynamics.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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24 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epidemiological characteristics and whole-genome analysis of respiratory syncytial virus in Jining city from February 2023 to December 2024.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Equal Prevalence of Genotypes ON1 and BA of Human Orthopneumovirus in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in 2022.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Molecular Analysis of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Group B Strains Isolated in Kenya Before and During the Emergence of Pandemic Influenza A/H1N1.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- Microbiological and epidemiological features of respiratory syncytial virus.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2024Review
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- Potentiality of bioactive compounds as inhibitor of M protein and F protein function of human respiratory syncytial virus.In silico pharmacology · 2024Article
- Molecular epidemiology and characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus among hospitalized children in Guangzhou, China.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Diversity of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Sicily during Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Surveillance Seasons.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Molecular Diversity of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Two Neighboring Japanese Cities.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Reclassification of respiratory syncytial virus genotypes in India.Virusdisease · 2023Article
- Molecular characterization of human respiratory syncytial virus in Seoul, South Korea, during 10 consecutive years, 2010-2019.PloS one · 2023Article
- ON-1 and BA-IX Are the Dominant Sub-Genotypes of Human Orthopneumovirus A&B in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Genes · 2022Article
- Genetic Diversity and Molecular Epidemiology of Circulating Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Central Taiwan, 2008-2017.Viruses · 2021Article
- Molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus among children and adults in India 2016 to 2018.Virus genes · 2021Article
- A multi-center study on Molecular Epidemiology of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus from Children with Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in the Mainland of China between 2015 and 2019.Virologica Sinica · 2021Article
- Epidemiology and genetic characterization of respiratory syncytial virus in children with acute respiratory infections: Findings from the influenza sentinel surveillance network in Central African Republic, 2015 to 2018.Health science reports · 2021Article
- Respiratory syncytial virus B sequence analysis reveals a novel early genotype.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Disease Burden Due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Indian Pediatric Population: A Literature Review.Clinical medicine insights. Pediatrics · 2021Review
- COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Current Challenges and Health Concern.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Review
- Characterization of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) isolated from HIV-exposed-uninfected and HIV-unexposed infants in South Africa during 2015-2017.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important pathogen of global significance. The BA9 is one of the most predominant lineages of the BA genotype of group B RSV that has acquired a 60bp duplication in its G protein gene. We describe the local and global evolutionary dynamics of the second hyper variable region in the C- terminal of the G protein gene of the BA9 lineage. A total of 418 sequences (including 31 study and 387 GenBank strains) from 29 different countries were used for phylogenetic analysis. This analysis showed that the study strains clustered with BA (BA9 and BA8) and SAB4 genotype of group B RSV. We performed time-scaled evolutionary clock analyses using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. We also carried out glycosylation, selection pressure, mutational, entropy and Network analyses of the BA9 lineage. The time to the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) of the BA genotype and BA9 lineage were estimated to be the years 1995 (95% HPD; 1987-1997) and 2000 (95% HPD; 1998-2001), respectively. The nucleotide substitution rate of the BA genotype [(4.58×10-3 (95% HPD; 3.89-5.29×10-3) substitution/site/year] was slightly faster than the BA9 lineage [4.03×10-3 (95% HPD; 4.65-5.2492×10-3)]. The BA9 lineage was categorized into 3 sub lineages (I, II and III) based on the Bayesian and Network analyses. The local transmission pattern suggested that BA9 is the predominant lineage of BA viruses that has been circulating in India since 2002 though showing fluctuations in its effective population size. The BA9 lineage established its global distribution with report from 23 different countries over the past 16 years. The present study augments our understanding of RSV infection, its epidemiological dynamics warranting steps towards its overall global surveillance.
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