Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29691315›Full record

ArticleInjury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention2019

Unintentional drowning mortality in China, 2006-2013.

Lijun Wang, Xunjie Cheng, Peng Yin, Peixia Cheng, Yunning Liu, David C Schwebel, Jiangmei Liu, Jinlei Qi, Maigeng Zhou, Guoqing Hu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Estimating drowning mortality in Tanzania: a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing data sources.Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 2019
    Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Burden of unintentional drowning in China from 1990 to 2019 and exposure to water: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study.Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 2025
    Article
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  6. Hypothesized mechanisms of death in swimming: a systematic review.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2024
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  12. [Injury mortality among Chinese aged 5 to 24 years from 1990 to 2019].Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · 2022
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  20. Injury-related mortality among children younger than 5 years in China during 2009-2016: an analysis from national surveillance system.Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 2019
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Lijun WangNational Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Xunjie ChengDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Peng YinNational Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Peixia ChengDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Yunning LiuNational Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
David C SchwebelDepartment of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2141-8970
Jiangmei LiuNational Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Jinlei QiNational Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Maigeng ZhouNational Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Guoqing HuDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEpidemiological characteristics and recent trends in unintentional drowning at the national level in China are unreported.

methodsUsing data from the Disease Surveillance Points system, the overall, sex-, location-, age- and cause-specific age-standardised mortality from unintentional drowning in China were calculated and compared. Linear regression was used to examine the significance of mortality trend changes over time.

resultsThe average mortality was 4.05 per 100 000 persons between 2006 and 2013. Men and rural residents had much higher drowning mortality rates than women and urban residents at all time points. Drowning following a fall into natural water was the most common mechanism (46% of all drowning deaths). The overall drowning mortality rate remained stable for all subgroups except for distinct decreases in urban residents, children aged 5-9 years, and other specified and unspecified drowning (-10%, -36% and -25%, respectively).

conclusionsThe overall drowning mortality rate remained high and stable in China between 2006 and 2013. Effective prevention measures like removing or covering water hazards, wearing personal floatation devices, supervision of children, and teaching survival swimming and resuscitation skills should be implemented nationwide.

Indexed as

Accident PreventionPublic HealthAccidental FallsAdolescentAdultAge DistributionChildChild, PreschoolChinaDrowningFemaleHealth SurveysHumansInfantMaleMiddle AgedcharacteristicsChinadrowningmechanismtrend

Identifiers

PMID29691315
PMCPMC6388908

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.