Observational studyClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2018
Risk Factors and Incidence of Syphilis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected Persons: The HIV Outpatient Study, 1999-2015.
Observational study in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Decreasing trends of syphilis among people with HIV at a university hospital before implementation of doxycycline prophylaxis for syphilis: implications for targeted syphilis prevention.Sexually transmitted infections · 2025Article
- Article
- Childhood Sexual Abuse, Alcohol Problem Scores, and Race Are Associated With Syphilis Incidence in a Prospective Cohort of Young Sexual and Gender Minority Adults Assigned Male at Birth.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2025Article
- Seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and syphilis among human immunodeficiency virus-infected people at a university hospital, Turkey.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2025Article
- Google Trends and Syphilis.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2024Article
- Temporal Trends in Syphilis Incidence among Men with HIV in Busan, Korea, 2005-2022: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Viruses · 2024Article
- Incidence, risk factors, and clinical findings of syphilis among men living with HIV in Croatia during the COVID-19 pandemic.Scientific reports · 2023Observational
- Effects of syphilis infection among HIV-1-positive individuals on suppressive antiretroviral therapy.AIDS research and therapy · 2022Article
- Syphilis Testing and Diagnosis Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Engaged in Care at 4 US Clinical Sites, 2014-2018.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Review
- Incidence of syphilis infection and syphilis-related care utilization among adolescents and young adults living with HIV.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2022Article
- Review
- Differences in Syphilis Incidence Using a Laboratory Algorithm in People With and Without HIV in an 11-Year Nationwide Cohort Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Prevalence and Factors Associated With Syphilis in People Living With HIV/AIDS in the State of Pará, Northern Brazil.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Syphilitic infection impairs immunity by inducing both apoptosis and pyroptosis of CD4Innate immunity · 2021Article
- Intersecting Epidemics: Incident Syphilis and Drug Use in Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the United States (2005-2016).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Incidence and Testing Among Patients in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Outpatient Study (HOPS), 2007-2017.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Incidence of syphilis among HIV-infected men in Singapore, 2006-2017: temporal trends and associated risk factors.Sexually transmitted infections · 2020Article
- The HIV Outpatient Study-25 Years of HIV Patient Care and Epidemiologic Research.Open forum infectious diseases · 2020Review
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Detected During and After Incarceration Among People with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Prevalence and Implications for Screening and Prevention.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Since 2000, the incidence of syphilis has been increasing, especially among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States. We assessed temporal trends and associated risk factors for newly diagnosed syphilis infections among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients during a 16-year period. Methods: We analyzed data from the HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS) cohort participants at 10 US HIV clinics during 1999-2015. New syphilis cases were defined based on laboratory parameters and clinical diagnoses. We performed Cox proportional hazards regression analyses of sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral risk factors for new syphilis infections. Results: We studied 6888 HIV-infected participants; 641 had 1 or more new syphilis diagnoses during a median follow-up of 5.2 years. Most participants were male (78%), aged 31-50 years, and 57% were MSM. The overall incidence was 1.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6-1.9) per 100 person-years (PY) and it increased from 0.4 (95% CI, .2-.8) to 2.2 (95% CI, 1.4-3.5) per 100 PY during 1999-2015. In multivariable analyses adjusting for calendar year, risk factors for syphilis included age 18-30 years (hazard ratio [HR], 1.3 [95% CI, 1.1-1.6]) vs 31-40 years, being MSM (HR, 3.1 [95% CI, 2.4-4.1]) vs heterosexual male, and being non-Hispanic black (HR, 1.6 [95% CI, 1.4-1.9]) vs non-Hispanic white. Conclusions: The increases in the syphilis incidence rate through 2015 reflect ongoing sexual risk and highlight the need for enhanced prevention interventions among HIV-infected patients in care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.