ArticleJournal of nutritional science2018
Tryptophan metabolic profile in term and preterm breast milk: implications for health.
Article in Journal of nutritional science, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human milk microbiome as a modulator of the early-life gut-brain axis: mechanisms and translational opportunities for neurodevelopment.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Six-compound cocktail for maturation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived liver spheroids for toxicity prediction.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites: molecular mechanisms, nutritional strategies and implications for swine health.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- Longitudinal analysis of fecal tryptophan metabolites and microbiome composition in very preterm infants: impact of birth mode and feeding type.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Altered milk tryptophan and tryptophan metabolites in women living with HIV.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The impact of breastfeeding on the preterm infant's microbiome and metabolome: a pilot study.Pediatric research · 2025Observational
- Dietary Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites-Source, Fate, and Chromatographic Determinations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Targeting gut microbiota-derived kynurenine to predict and protect the remodeling of the pressure-overloaded young heart.Science advances · 2023Article
- The role of human milk nutrients in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- Review
- Neuroprotective Natural Products' Regulatory Effects on Depression via Gut-Brain Axis Targeting Tryptophan.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Unexpected content of kynurenine in mother's milk and infant formulas.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Burden of Early Life Obesity and Its Relationship with Protein Intake in Infancy: The Middle East Expert Consensus.Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition · 2022Review
- Infant nutrition affects the microbiota-gut-brain axis: Comparison of human milk vs. infant formula feeding in the piglet model.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Article
- Effect of 4-week physical exercises on tryptophan, kynurenine and kynurenic acid content in human sweat.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Tryptophan Metabolism and Gut-Brain Homeostasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Breastfeeding importance and its therapeutic potential against SARS-CoV-2.Physiological reports · 2021Review
- Anti-Infective, Anti-Inflammatory, and Immunomodulatory Properties of Breast Milk Factors for the Protection of Infants in the Pandemic From COVID-19.Frontiers in public health · 2020Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast milk is the only source of the essential amino acid tryptophan (TRP) in breast-fed infants. Low levels of TRP could have implications for infant neurodevelopment. The objectives of the present study were to compare the relationship of TRP and its neuroactive pathway metabolites kynurenine (Kyn) and kynurenic acid (KynA) in preterm and term expressed breast milk (EBM) in the first 14 d following birth, and the relationship of TRP metabolism to maternal stress and immune status. A total of twenty-four mothers were recruited from Cork University Maternity Hospital: twelve term (>38 weeks) and twelve preterm (<35 weeks). EBM samples were collected on days 7 and 14. Free TRP, Kyn and KynA were measured using HPLC, total TRP using MS, cytokines using the Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) assay system, and cortisol using a cortisol ELISA kit. Although total TRP was higher in preterm EBM in comparison with term EBM (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.