ArticlePloS one2018
Alternative ribosomal proteins are required for growth and morphogenesis of Mycobacterium smegmatis under zinc limiting conditions.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Alternative ribosome expression alone is insufficient to drive antibiotic tolerance inFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- A zinc-free alternative ribosomal protein RpsN.2 confers survival advantage to group A streptococcus during Zn scarcity.Infection and immunity · 2025Article
- Bacterial ribosome heterogeneity facilitates rapid response to stress.Journal of bacteriology · 2025Review
- Using Mycobacterium smegmatis as a Bioindicator for Zinc-limited Growth Conditions in Mycobacteria.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2024Article
- The zinc finger motif in the mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit protein bL36m is essential for optimal yeast mitoribosome assembly and function.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research · 2024Article
- Impact of corrosion inhibitors on antibiotic resistance, metal resistance, and microbial communities in drinking water.mSphere · 2023Article
- Phosphoproteome Profiling of Klebsiella pneumoniae under Zinc-Limited and Zinc-Replete Conditions.Microbiology resource announcements · 2023Article
- Ribosomes lacking bS21 gain function to regulate protein synthesis in Flavobacterium johnsoniae.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- The High Plasticity of NonpathogenicInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Multi-Omics Profiling Specifies Involvement of Alternative Ribosomal Proteins in Response to Zinc Limitation inFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Ribosome profiling enhances understanding of mycobacterial translation.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Zinc limitation triggers anticipatory adaptations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Nutritional immunity: the impact of metals on lung immune cells and the airway microbiome during chronic respiratory disease.Respiratory research · 2021Review
- Replacement of S14 Protein in Ribosomes of Zinc-Starved Mycobacteria Reduces Spectinamide Sensitivity.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2021Article
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2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Zinc is an essential micronutrient required for proper structure and function of many proteins. Bacteria regularly encounter zinc depletion and have evolved diverse mechanisms to continue growth when zinc is limited, including the expression of zinc-independent paralogs of zinc-binding proteins. Mycobacteria have a conserved operon encoding four zinc-independent alternative ribosomal proteins (AltRPs) that are expressed when zinc is depleted. It is unknown if mycobacterial AltRPs replace their primary paralogs in the ribosome and maintain protein synthesis under zinc-limited conditions, and if such replacements contribute to their physiology. This study shows that AltRPs from Mycobacterium smegmatis are essential for growth when zinc ion is scarce. Specifically, the deletion mutant of this operon (ΔaltRP) is unable to grow in media containing a high-affinity zinc chelator, while growth of the wild type strain is unaffected under the same conditions. However, when zinc is gradually depleted during growth in zinc-limited medium, the ΔaltRP mutant maintains the same growth rate as seen for the wild type strain. In contrast to M. smegmatis grown with sufficient zinc supplementation that forms shorter cells when transitioning from logarithmic to stationary phase, M. smegmatis deficient for zinc elongates after the expression of AltRPs in late logarithmic phase. These zinc-depleted bacteria also exhibit a remarkable morphology characterized by a condensed chromosome, increased number of polyphosphate granules, and distinct appearance of lipid bodies and the cell wall compared to the zinc-replete cells. However, the ΔaltRP cells fail to elongate and transition into the zinc-limited morphotype, resembling the wild type zinc-replete bacteria instead. Therefore, the altRP operon in M. smegmatis has a vital role in continuation of growth when zinc is scarce and in triggering specific morphogenesis during the adaptation to zinc limitation, suggesting that AltRPs can functionally replace their zinc-dependent paralogs, but also contribute to mycobacterial physiology in a unique way.
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