ArticlePeerJ2018
Three-dimensional architecture of the whole human soleus muscle
Article in PeerJ, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- A diffusion tensor-based method facilitating volumetric assessment of fiber orientations in skeletal muscle.PloS one · 2022Trial
- Subject-specific muscle properties from diffusion tensor imaging significantly improve the accuracy of musculoskeletal models.Journal of anatomy · 2020Trial
- Effects of aging on transmission from Ia afferents to α-motoneurons and presynaptic mechanisms across muscle lengths and contraction types.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Overcoming pitfalls in multi-stack diffusion MRI for tractography reconstruction of skeletal muscles.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Physiological Cross-Sectional Surfaces: A Method for Estimating Muscle Functional Capacity from 3D Digital Models of Fiber Architecture.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Implanted microelectrode arrays in reinnervated muscles allow separation of neural drives from transferred polyfunctional nerves.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Gearing in the human medial gastrocnemius: effects of contraction conditions, tissue stiffness, and echo intensity.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- MRI image segmentation of the major lower leg muscles using deep learning: application in biomechanical analysis.Medical & biological engineering & computing · 2026Article
- Independent directional tuning of the human triceps surae muscles during standing postural control.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2026Article
- MRI-based 3D estimation of skeletal muscle architecture and strain during contraction.Journal of biomechanics · 2026Article
- Neuromechanical basis of region-specific differences and their implications for sport performance and injury prevention: a narrative review.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Review
- Effects of an exercise program on calf muscle characteristics in patients with Achilles tendinopathy.Physical therapy in sport : official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine · 2025Observational
- Data-informed reconstruction of a bipennate muscle's aponeurosis and its fibre distribution for performing continuum-mechanical simulations.Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology · 2025Article
- Improved DTI-Based Skeletal Muscle Architecture Estimation via Diffusion Weighted Image Denoising and First Eigenvector Map Smoothing.NMR in biomedicine · 2025Article
- Quantifying the Fascicular Changes in Recovered Achilles Tendon Patients Using Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Tractography.Journal of engineering and science in medical diagnostics and therapy · 2025Article
- Problems in Diagnosis and Treatment of Soleus Muscle Injuries-Narrative Review and Case Report.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- From Voxels to Physiology: A Review of Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applications in Skeletal Muscle.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2025Review
- Changes to muscle and fascia tissue after eighteen days of ankle immobilization post-ankle sprain injury: an MRI case study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Article
- Comparison of manual and semi-automated algorithm for measuring architectural features during different isometric knee extension intensities: a reliability and comparative study in novice raters.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2025Article
- A registration strategy to characterize DTI-observed changes in skeletal muscle architecture due to passive shortening.PloS one · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMost data on the architecture of the human soleus muscle have been obtained from cadaveric dissection or two-dimensional ultrasound imaging. We present the first comprehensive, quantitative study on the three-dimensional anatomy of the human soleus muscle
methodsWe report three-dimensional fascicle lengths, pennation angles, fascicle curvatures, physiological cross-sectional areas and volumes in four compartments of the soleus at ankle joint angles of 69 ± 12° (plantarflexion, short muscle length; average ± SD across subjects) and 108 ± 7° (dorsiflexion, long muscle length) of six healthy young adults. Microdissection and three-dimensional digitisation on two cadaveric muscles corroborated the compartmentalised structure of the soleus, and confirmed the validity of DTI-based muscle fascicle reconstructions.
resultsThe posterior compartments of the soleus comprised 80 ± 5% of the total muscle volume (356 ± 58 cm DISCUSSION: The homogeneity in fascicle lengths and inhomogeneity in pennation angles of the soleus may indicate a functionally different role for the anterior and posterior compartments. The data and techniques presented here demonstrate how DTI can be used to obtain detailed, quantitative measurements of the anatomy of complex skeletal muscles in living humans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.