ArticleOncotarget2018
High CTLA-4 expression correlates with poor prognosis in thymoma patients.
Article in Oncotarget, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) tumour expression in gastric carcinoma.The Indian journal of medical research · 2025Article
- The role of immune checkpoints in modulating cancer stem cells anti-tumor immune responses: implications and perspectives in cancer therapy.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Review
- Different Immunohistochemical Expression of CTLA-4 in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Its Associated Prognostic Factors.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Article
- Article
- Identification of Two Distinct Immune Subtypes in Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC).Cancers · 2024Article
- Role of CTLA4 and pSTAT3 Immunostaining in Prognosis and Treatment of the Colorectal Carcinoma.Iranian journal of pathology · 2024Article
- FAM72 family proteins as poor prognostic markers in clear cell renal carcinoma.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2023Article
- Immunotherapy of thymic epithelial tumors: molecular understandings and clinical perspectives.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- Revising the Landscape of Cytokine-Induced Killer Cell Therapy in Lung Cancer: Focus on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Balancing the Risk of Adverse Events against the Efficacy of Immunotherapy in Advanced Thymic Epithelial Tumors.Cancers · 2022Review
- Therapeutic targets and biomarkers of tumor immunotherapy: response versus non-response.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022Review
- Combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); a new frontier.Cancer cell international · 2022Review
- The efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in thymic epithelial tumors: more effective, more risky: a systematic review.Journal of thoracic disease · 2021Review
- CD11bJournal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Article
- The role and relationship between programmed death ligand 1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 immunohistochemical expression in colorectal carcinoma patients: an impact on outcome.Ecancermedicalscience · 2021Article
- Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) expression in chordoma and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) predicts prognosis of spinal chordoma.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2020Article
- The landscape ofEpigenetics · 2020Article
- Beyond T-Cells: Functional Characterization of CTLA-4 Expression in Immune and Non-Immune Cell Types.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Inhibitory Immune Checkpoints in Cancer Development and Progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Discovery and validation of DNA methylation markers for overall survival prognosis in patients with thymic epithelial tumors.Clinical epigenetics · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thymomas, tumors that arise from epithelial cells of the thymus gland, are the most common neoplasms of the anterior mediastinum, with an incidence rate of approximately 2.5 per million/year. Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4 or CD152) exerts inhibitory activity on T cells, and since its oncogenic role in the progression of different types of tumors, it has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in cancer patients. In this study, we assessed the expression of CTLA-4 both at mRNA and protein levels in paraffin embedded-tissues from patients with thymomas. Furthermore, we evaluated the relationship between CTLA-4 expression and the clinical-pathologic characteristics and prognosis in patients with thymomas. Sixty-eight patients with median age corresponding to 62 years were included in this analysis. Thymomas were classified accordingly to the WHO and Masaoka-Koga for histochemical analysis and for prognostic significance. A statistical difference was found between CTLA-4 mRNA levels in human normal thymus compared with thymoma specimens. CTLA-4 expression was statistically found to progressively increase in A, B1, B2, AB and it was maximal in B3 thymomas. According to Masaoka-Koga pathological classification, CTLA-4 expression was lower in I, IIA and IIB, and higher in invasive III and IV stages. By confocal microscopy analysis we identified the expression of CTLA-4 both in tumor cells and in CD45
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