Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29675607›Full record

Observational studyJournal of inherited metabolic disease2018

Medical and financial burden of acute intermittent porphyria.

Rochus A Neeleman, Margreet A E M Wagenmakers, Rita H Koole-Lesuis, G Sophie Mijnhout, J H Paul Wilson, Edith C H Friesema, Janneke G Langendonk

Erratum issuedOpen access · hybridAbstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of inherited metabolic disease, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Liver transplantation and primary liver cancer in porphyria.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Rochus A NeelemanPorphyria Center, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Margreet A E M WagenmakersPorphyria Center, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Rita H Koole-LesuisPorphyria Center, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
G Sophie MijnhoutDepartment of Internal Medicine, Isala Clinics, Zwolle, the Netherlands.
J H Paul WilsonPorphyria Center, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Edith C H FriesemaPorphyria Center, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Janneke G LangendonkPorphyria Center, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. j.langendonk@erasmusmc.nl.
Erasmus MC · NLIsala · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionA small proportion of patients with acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) suffer from recurrent porphyric attacks, with a severely diminished quality of life. In this retrospective case-control study, the burden of disease is quantified and compared among three AIP patient subgroups: cases with recurrent attacks, cases with one or occasional attacks and asymptomatic carriers.

methodsData from patient records and questionnaires were collected in patients between 1960 and 2016 at the Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. We collected symptoms related to porphyria, porphyria related complications, attack frequency, hospitalisation frequency, hospitalisation days related to acute porphyric attacks, frequency of heme infusions and medical healthcare costs based on hospitalisations and heme therapy.

resultsIn total 11 recurrent AIP cases, 24 symptomatic AIP cases and 53 AIP carriers as controls were included. All recurrent patients reported porphyria related symptoms, such as pain, neurological and/or psychiatric disorders, and nearly all developed complications, such as hypertension and chronic kidney disease. In the recurrent cases group, the median lifelong number of hospitalisation days related to porphyric attacks was 82 days per patient (range 10-374), and they spent a median of 346 days (range 34-945) at a day-care facility for prophylactic heme therapy; total follow-up time was 243 person-years (PYRS). In the symptomatic non-recurrent group the median lifelong number of hospitalisation days related to porphyric attacks was 7 days per patient (range 1-78), total follow-up time was 528 PYRS. The calculated total medical healthcare cost for recurrent cases group was €5.8 million versus €0.3 million for the symptomatic cases group.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultCarcinoma, HepatocellularCase-Control StudiesCost of IllnessFemaleHealth Care CostsHemeHospitalizationHumansHypertensionLiver NeoplasmsLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedNetherlandsHemeAcute intermittent porphyriaAcute porphyriasHeme arginateNervous system diseasesPorphyria, acute intermittent/epidemiology

Identifiers

PMID29675607
PMCPMC6133185
OpenAlexW2801321266

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.